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Table 3 Factor loadings from the exploratory and confirmatory factory analysis of the HOP-Up physical activity environment questionnaire

From: Validity and reliability of HOP-Up: a questionnaire to evaluate physical activity environments in homes with preschool-aged children

Scale

Exploratory Factory Analysis Scales

Confirmatory Factory Analysis Scales

Item

(n = 327)

(n = 330)

 

A

B

C

D

E

A

B

C

D

E

Scale A: Indoor Home Space & Supports for Physical Activity

 My preschool kids have plenty of room to run around and burn off energy inside our home.a

0.62

    

0.62

    

 Think about the areas inside the home where your kids run around and burn off energy. How many somersaults or cartwheels can they do in a row without hitting furniture?c

0.76

    

0.61

    

 Think about all balls, tricycles, bicycles, scooters, jump ropes, and toys that help your preschool child run around and burn off energy inside your home. How many of these does your child have?b

0.43

    

0.44

    

 How often do your preschool kids run around and burn off energy inside your home?d

0.79

    

0.77

    

 How often do your preschool kids play indoors with balls, tricycles, bicycles, scooters, and other play things that help to burn off energy?d

0.78

    

0.69

    

 How often do your preschool kids run around and burn off energy indoors with siblings or kids who live nearby?d

0.57

    

0.54

    

Scale B: Outdoor/Yard Space & Supports for Physical Activity

 The yard or area outside our home has plenty of room for my preschool kids to actively play games like tag or chase.a

 

0.75

    

0.82

   

 There is a paved or flat area in yard or area outside our home that is big enough for my preschool kids to safely ride a tricycle, bike, scooter, or other wheeled toy.a

 

0.76

    

0.70

   

 My preschool kids have shoes and clothes for playing actively outside.a

 

0.66

    

0.74

   

 My preschools kids have plenty of toys for playing actively outside like balls, jump ropes, skates, swimming or kiddie pool, hula hoops, or sleds.a

 

0.69

    

0.81

   

Scale C: Neighborhood Space & Supports for Physical Activity

 There are outdoor areas like parks, pools and playgrounds nearby my home where my preschool kids can play actively.e

  

0.84

    

0.88

  

 The outdoor areas in my neighborhood have plenty of swings sets, slides or other play equipment my preschool kids can use.e

  

0.85

    

0.84

  

 The outdoor areas in my neighborhood where my preschool kids play actively are safe.a

  

0.83

    

0.85

  

 The outdoor areas in my neighborhood where my preschool kids can play actively are clean.e

  

0.72

    

0.80

  

Scale D: Neighborhood Environment Safety

 I feel safe from crime in my neighborhood and nearby.a

   

0.56

    

0.68

 

 I feel safe from biting insects like mosquitos, ticks, and scorpions, and animals like dogs running loose, in my neighborhood and nearby.a

   

0.80

    

0.82

 

Scale E: Frequency of Active Play Outdoors

 When the weather is good, how often do your preschool kids usually play actively in outdoor areas like parks, pools, playgrounds, near your home?d

    

0.66

    

0.78

 How often do your preschool kids usually play actively in free or low-cost recreation centers or other indoor places near your home?d

    

0.88

    

0.83

Eigenvalue

2.54

1.62

4.45

1.20

1.29

1.99

2.55

3.94

1.15

1.39

% Variance

14.12

8.93

24.72

6.68

7.20

11.06

14.15

21.90

6.36

7.74

Cronbach’s α

0.75

0.73

0.89

0.43

0.53

0.68

0.77

0.87

0.52

0.56

  1. aAnswer choices: Strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree; score = 1 to 5, respectively
  2. bNumber of toys scored 1 = 0 to 4, 2 = 5 to 10, 3 = 11 to 15, 4 = 16 to 20, 5= >20
  3. cNumber of somersaults scored 1 = <2, 2 = 2, 3 = 3, 4 = 4 to 5, 5= >5 somersaults
  4. dAnswer choices: Almost never, 1–2 times/week, 3–4 times/week, 5–6 times/week, every day; score = 1 to 5, respectively
  5. eAnswer choices: Strongly disagree, disagree, neither agree nor disagree, agree, strongly agree, don’t know; score = 1 to 5, respectively and items with “don’t know” answers were omitted from analysis