Table 1 Characteristics of the overall study population and according to weight status in the SPOTLIGHT study
From: Lifestyle correlates of overweight in adults: a hierarchical approach (the SPOTLIGHT project)
n (%) or median (IQR) | Overall N = 5295 100 % | Non-overweighta n = 2862 54.0 % | Overweightb n = 2433 46.0 % | p †|
|---|---|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||
 Gender, (n = 5246) |  |  |  |  |
  Male | 2316 (44.2) | 1059 (37.3) | 1257 (52.2) | < 0.001 |
  Female | 2930 (55.8) | 1780 (62.7) | 1150 (47.8) | |
 Age (in years), (n = 5256) | 52.0 (26.0) | 47.0 (27.0) | 57.0 (23.0) | < 0.001 |
  Education, (n = 5191) |  |  |  |  |
   High level | 2804 (54.0) | 1756 (62.4) | 1048 (44.1) | < 0.001 |
   Low level | 2387 (46.0) | 1058 (37.6) | 1329 (55.9) | |
BMI (kg/m2), (n = 5295) | 24.6 (5.5) | 22.3 (2.9) | 27.8 (4.2) | < 0.001 |
Lifestyle-related behaviors | ||||
 Smoking status, (n = 5247) |  |  |  |  |
  Never | 3049 (58.1) | 1783 (62.8) | 1266 (52.6) | < 0.001 |
  Former | 1464 (27.9) | 637 (22.5) | 827 (34.3) | |
  Current | 734 (14.0) | 418 (14.7) | 316 (13.1) | |
 Physical activity |  |  |  |  |
  Transport-related physical activity (min/d), (n = 5274) | 26.0 (59.0) | 27.0 (57.0) | 26.0 (61.0) | 0.012 |
  Leisure-time physical activity (min/d), (n = 5274) | 26.0 (44.0) | 26.0 (44.0) | 21.0 (47.0) | < 0.001 |
 Sedentary behaviors |  |  |  |  |
  Television time (min/d), (n = 4481) | 137.0 (120.0) | 120.0 (120.0) | 154.0 (146.0) | < 0.001 |
  Computer time (min/d), (n = 4358) | 77.0 (103.0) | 77.0 (98.0) | 91.0 (108.0) | < 0.001 |
  Other leisure sitting time (min/d), (n = 3942) | 64.0 (112.0) | 69.0 (112.0) | 60.0 (129.0) | 0.064 |
  Transport-related sitting time (min/d), (n = 4100) | 60.0 (73.0) | 60.0 (71.0) | 60.0 (74.0) | < 0.001 |
 Eating habits |  |  |  |  |
  Fruit intake (times per week), (n = 5198) | 7.0 (3.0) | 7.0 (3.0) | 7.0 (3.0) | < 0.001 |
  Vegetables intake (times per week), (n = 5253) | 7.0 (2.0) | 7.0 (1.0) | 7.0 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
  Fish intake (times per week), (n = 5187) | 0.5 (1.5) | 0.5 (1.5) | 0.5 (1.5) | 0.116 |
  Fast-food intake (times per week), (n = 4803) | 0.5 (0) | 0.5 (0) | 0.5 (0) | 0.213 |
  Sweets intake (times per week), (n = 5149) | 3.0 (5.5) | 3.0 (5.5) | 3.0 (4.5) | 0.004 |
  Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption (times per week), (n = 5073) | 2.0 (5.5) | 2.0 (5.5) | 2.0 (6.5) | 0.349 |
  Alcohol consumption (times per week), (n = 5011) | 2.0 (5.5) | 3.0 (5.5) | 2.0 (5.5) | 0.487 |
 Sleep duration (hours/night), (n = 5269) | 7.0 (1.5) | 7.0 (1.5) | 7.0 (2.0) | < 0.001 |
Environmental factors | ||||
 Urban region, (n = 5295) |  |  |  |  |
  Ghent region | 1651 (31.2) | 850 (29.7) | 801 (32.9) | < 0.001 |
  Greater Paris | 737 (13.9) | 455 (15.9) | 282 (11.6) | |
  Greater Budapest | 824 (15.5) | 386 (13.5) | 438 (18.0) | |
  Randstad | 1412 (26.7) | 804 (28.1) | 608 (25.0) | |
  Greater London | 671 (12.7) | 367 (12.8) | 304 (12.5) | |
 Neighborhood type, (n = 5223) |  |  |  |  |
  HSES/HRD | 1269 (24.3) | 725 (25.7) | 544 (22.5) | < 0.001 |
  LSES/HRD | 1230 (23.5) | 635 (22.5) | 595 (24.8) | |
  HSES/LRD | 1325 (25.4) | 764 (27.1) | 561 (23.5) | |
  LSES/LRD | 1399 (26.8) | 699 (24.7) | 700 (29.2) | |
 Neighborhood cluster, (n = 4618) |  |  |  |  |
  Green neighborhood with LRD | 3022 (65.6) | 1588 (63.2) | 1434 (68.1) | 0.001 |
  Neighborhood supportive of active mobility | 1150 (24.9) | 648 (25.8) | 502 (23.9) | |
  HRD neighborhood with food and recreational facilities | 265 (5.7) | 162 (6.4) | 103 (4.9) | |
  HRD neighborhood with low level of aesthetics | 181 (3.9) | 115 (4.6) | 66 (3.1) | |