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Table 2 Full models: associations of potential correlates with total physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behaviora

From: Correlates of preschool children’s objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior: a cross-sectional analysis of the SPLASHY study

 

TPA [cpm]

MVPA [min/day]

SB [min/day]

β

95% CI

p-value

β

95% CI

p-value

β

95% CI

p-value

Demographic and biological variables

  

 Sex

27.4

(0.1, 54.6)

0.049

11.0

(5.8, 16.2)

≤0.001

-0.3

(-9.6, 8.9)

0.946

 Age

76.9

(45, 108.7)

≤0.001

15.9

(9.8, 22)

≤0.001

-8.9

(-19.9, 2.1)

0.111

 Birth weight

2.3

(-0.2, 4.8)

0.076

0.6

(0.1, 1)

0.023

-0.6

(-1.5, 0.2)

0.126

 Chronic health condition

-35.2

(-85.3, 15)

0.170

-5.2

(-14.8, 4.4)

0.286

8.8

(-7.8, 25.4)

0.3

 BMI

20.4

(-10.4, 51.2)

0.195

4.7

(-1.2, 10.5)

0.121

-7.3

(-17.7, 3.1)

0.17

 Gross motor skills

20.4

(5.2, 35.6)

0.009

4.6

(1.6, 7.6)

0.003

-3.3

(-8.6, 2.1)

0.229

 Siblings

-38.9

(-67.7, -10)

0.008

-6.3

(-11.8, -0.8)

0.025

8.7

(-1, 18.4)

0.079

 Parental BMI

-4.4

(-33.2, 24.4)

0.763

0.0

(-5.4, 5.5)

0.994

-5.2

(-15, 4.5)

0.293

 SES

-0.2

(-1.2, 0.9)

0.758

-0.1

(-0.3, 0.1)

0.511

-0.1

(-0.4, 0.3)

0.698

 Family structure

64.3

(15.5, 113.1)

0.010

9.5

(0.2, 18.7)

0.045

-27.5

(-43.6, -11.4)

0.001

Psychological, cognitive and emotional variables

  

 Self-regulation

-0.4

(-2.2, 1.5)

0.704

0.0

(-0.4, 0.3)

0.959

0.5

(-0.1, 1.2)

0.099

 Psychological difficulties

1.4

(-2.5, 5.3)

0.484

0.4

(-0.4, 1.1)

0.346

-0.3

(-1.7, 1)

0.619

 Emotionality temperament

-18.4

(-41.7, 4.9)

0.122

-3.6

(-8.1, 0.9)

0.114

4.5

(-3.2, 12.3)

0.252

 Activity temperament

39.6

(18.2, 60.9)

≤0.001

6.9

(2.8, 10.9)

0.001

-15.6

(-22.9, -8.4)

≤0.001

 Shyness temperament

-14.0

(-37.1, 9.2)

0.236

-0.9

(-5.3, 3.5)

0.691

2.1

(-5.6, 9.7)

0.593

 Parenting stress

1.7

(-0.4, 3.8)

0.114

0.3

(-0.1, 0.7)

0.167

-0.1

(-0.8, 0.6)

0.822

 Cognitive performance

-18.0

(-46.8, 10.8)

0.222

-2.3

(-7.8, 3.1)

0.401

4.5

(-5.6, 14.5)

0.385

Behavioral variables

  

 Sleep duration

-7.2

(-28.5, 14.2)

0.510

-1.0

(-5.1, 3)

0.614

-1.3

(-8.5, 5.9)

0.714

 Play frequency

3.7

(-46.6, 54.1)

0.884

0.6

(-9.1, 10.2)

0.911

-0.8

(-17.6, 16)

0.923

 Social and cultural variables

  

 Parental sedentary behavior

0.5

(-4.1, 5.2)

0.829

0.2

(-0.7, 1.1)

0.673

0.2

(-1.4, 1.8)

0.808

 Parental sports club membership

34.4

(0.9, 67.9)

0.044

4.7

(-1.7, 11.1)

0.151

-12.7

(-24.2, -1.3)

0.029

 Parental physical activity

18.2

(-11.6, 48.1)

0.231

2.9

(-2.8, 8.6)

0.314

-9.2

(-19.3, 0.8)

0.072

 Parental Involvement in child PA

3.0

(-28.9, 34.9)

0.853

-2.1

(-8.2, 3.9)

0.485

-5.3

(-15.6, 4.9)

0.308

 Transport to childcare

0.6

(-29.2, 30.4)

0.969

2.1

(-3.6, 7.8)

0.475

-3.2

(-13.1, 6.8)

0.531

 Parental tobacco use

11.4

(-20.4, 43.2)

0.483

3.5

(-2.5, 9.6)

0.254

0.1

(-10.7, 10.9)

0.987

 Parental alcohol consumption

-62.0

(-122.9, -1.1)

0.046

-11.9

(-23.6, -0.1)

0.047

22.6

(2.3, 42.9)

0.029

Environmental variables

  

 Time outdoors

11.8

(2.1, 21.5)

0.017

1.6

(-0.2, 3.5)

0.081

-4.4

(-7.7, -1.1)

0.008

 Fixed toys

11.5

(1.3, 21.7)

0.028

1.5

(-0.4, 3.4)

0.129

-2.4

(-5.7, 1)

0.17

 Portable toys

6.4

(-3.8, 16.6)

0.216

1.3

(-0.7, 3.2)

0.201

-0.6

(-4, 2.9)

0.75

 Days at childcare

-5.0

(-22.1, 12)

0.565

-1.2

(-4.8, 2.4)

0.505

1.2

(-5.4, 7.8)

0.72

 Living area per person

-1.3

(-2.9, 0.4)

0.137

-0.2

(-0.5, 0.2)

0.338

0.7

(0.1, 1.2)

0.019

 Neighborhood safety

-2.3

(-4.4, -0.1)

0.043

-0.4

(-0.9, 0)

0.040

1.0

(0.3, 1.8)

0.006

 Dog

-31.3

(-89.6, 26.9)

0.291

-6.8

(-17.8, 4.2)

0.227

15.2

(-3.9, 34.4)

0.119

 Season

42.6

(11.7, 73.4)

0.007

9.1

(3.2, 15)

0.002

-7.1

(-17.5, 3.4)

0.187

 Region

2.9

(-28.2, 33.9)

0.857

2.0

(-3.9, 7.9)

0.506

-5.2

(-15.5, 5.1)

0.325

  1. PA physical activity, β β-coefficient, CI confidence interval
  2. aMultilevel linear model with childcare as a random factor including all potential correlates (n = 394)