Table 4 Characteristics of instruments assessing level of physical activity
Instrument | Purpose of instrument | Reference | Publication year | Type of administration/Recall method | Relevant number of subscales/forms | Total relevant number of items | Response options |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EPAQ2 Usual 7-days | To assess average weekly physical activity over the past year in home, work and recreational settings | Wareham, Jakes [29] | 2002 | Usual 7-days over last 12 months | 3 | 72 | Type of activity apart from work: • Distance; Hours/day; Frequency/day Type of activity at work: • Hours/week; Frequency/day; ≥ 1 h/day; Distance Recreation • Frequency/week or month; Hours: Minutes/activity |
EPIC PAQ Usual 7-days | To estimate usual daily energy expenditure over the course of the past year | Pols, Peeters [31] | 1997 | Usual 7-days over 12 months | 4 | 13 | Occupation: • Sedentary; standing; manual; heavy manual Type of activity: • Hours/week Vigorousness of activity: • Yes or No Flights of stairs: • Floors/day |
IPEC-WA Usual 7-days | To assess frequency and duration of several levels of incidental and planned physical activity in older people during the past 3 months | Delbaere, Hauer [11] | 2010 | Usual 7-days over 3 months | 3 | 11 | Type of activity: • Frequency/week; 0–4 h/session Walking activities: • Frequency/week; 0–4 h/day Household activities: • 0–4 h/day |
NHS II Usual 7-days | Prospective study of determinants of breast cancer and other major illnesses in young women | Belanger, Speizer [32] | 1976 | Usual 7-days over 12 months | 3 | 16 | Daily flights of stairs: • ≤2; 3–4; 5–9; 10–14; ≥ 15 Physical activity per week: • 0–11+ hours Sedentary time per week: • 0–90+ hours |
Seven-day Adventists and non-Adventists (SDANA) Usual 7-days | To assess physical activity levels in Adventists | Singh, Tonstad [33] | 1996 | Usual 7-days over 3 months | 4 | 28 | Moderate activity: Standing: Sitting: Sleeping or reclining: • None; 1–14 min; 15–30 min; 30–60 min; 1–2 h; 2–4 h; > 4 h |
Stanford Usual Activity Survey Usual 7-days | To assess frequency of every-day and recreational physical activity levels | Sallis, Haskell [34] | 1985 | Usual 7-days over 3 months | 2 | 11 | Everyday activities: Recreational activities: • Yes or No |
YPAS Usual 7-days | To assess physical activity among older adults | Dipietro, Caspersen [35] | 1988 | Usual 7-days over 1 month | 6 | 39 | Type of activity: • Hours/week Vigorousness of activity: • Frequency/week or/month Leisurely walk: • Frequency/week or/month; Duration in minutes General movement: • Hours/day Standing and sitting: • Hours/day Seasonal changes: • Compare current season |
AAS Past 7-days | Population surveillance of physical activity in Australian adults | Commission [36] | 1997 | Past 7-days | 4 | 8 | Walking activities: Vigorous yard work: Vigorous activities other than yard work: Moderate activities: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/week |
CAQ-PAI Past 7-days | To measure overall kilocalories expended in leisure-time physical activity | Paffenbarger, Wing [37] | 1978 | Past 7-days | 3 | 4 | Walking: • Blocks/day Stairs: • Flights/day Recreational activities: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/session |
Checklist Questionnaire Past 7-days | Assess the frequency and duration of physical activities performed in the previous 7 days | Masse, Fulton [38] | 2012 | Past 7-days | 10 | 64 | Self-report Household activities: Yard activities: Family activities: Community/volunteer/church: Transportation: Miscellaneous: Other time: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/week Interview Exercise, sports and dancing: Employment: Miscellaneous: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/week |
GPPAQ Past 7-days | Assesses the duration of physical activities performed in the previous 7 days | Health [39] | 2013 | Past 7-days | 2 | 8 | Occupational activities General exercise Cycling Walking Housework/Childcare Gardening/DIY • Hours/week |
IPAQ-LF Past 7-days | Assesses physical activity level that can be used to obtain internationally comparable data. | Tudor-Locke, Ainsworth [40] | 2002 | Past 7-days | As for IPAQ-LF (Telephone) | As for IPAQ-LF (Telephone) | As IPAQ-LF (Telephone) |
IPAQ-SF Past 7-days | As for IPAQ-LF | Tudor-Locke, Ainsworth [40] | 2002 | Past 7-days | 4 | 7 | Vigorous activities Moderate activities Light activities Sitting time • Days/week; Hours: minutes/day |
IPAQ-SF w/recall confidence Past 7-days | To measure self-reported confidence ratings in recall of physical activity based on IPAQ-SF (self-administered) | Cust, Armstrong [41] | 2009 | Past 7-days | 5 | 14 | Vigorous activities: Moderate activities: Light activities: Sedentary activities: • Days/week; Hours: minutes/day Confidence ratings: • Very unsure; quite unsure; about 50/50; quite sure; very sure |
IPEC-WA Usual 7-days | To assess frequency and duration of several levels of incidental and planned physical activity in older people during the past 3 months | Delbaere, Hauer [11] | 2010 | Past 7-days | 3 | 11 | Type of activity: • Frequency/week; 0–4 h/session Walking activities: • Frequency/week; 0–4 h/day Household activities: • 0–4 h/day |
OSPAQ Past 7-days | To measure occupational sitting, standing, and physical activity time | Chau, Van Der Ploeg [42] | 2012 | Past 7-days | 2 | 6 | Time at occupation: • Hours/week; Days/week Occupational activities: • Percentage of total time at work |
OSWEQ Past 7-days | To monitor PA via the Web | Taylor, Lawton [43] | 2013 | Past 7-days | - | - | - |
Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) Past 7-days | To assess leisure, occupational and household physical activities amongst the elderly | Washburn, Smith [44] | 1991 | Past 7-days | 3 | 27 | Recreational activities: • Frequency/week; < 1 h, 1–2 h, 2–4 h or >4 h Household activities: • Yes or no; Type of activities Occupational activities: • Hours/week; Type of activities |
PA Recall Instrument Past 7-days | Assess multiple domains of physical activity against accelerometer data among overweight and non-overweight adults | Timperio, Salmon [45] | 2003 | Past 7-days | 3 | 3 | Light activities: Moderate activities: Vigorous activities: • Frequency/week for ≥10 min |
SPAQ2 Past 7-days | To measure stage of exercise behaviour change and 7 day recall of physical activity | Lowther, Mutrie [46] | 1997 | Past 7-days | 2 | 8 | Recreational activities: Occupational activities: • Hours/day; Hours/week |
Stanford 7-day Physical Activity Recall (PAR) Past 7-days | To assess sleep and physical activity patterns | Sallis, Haskell [34] | 1985 | Past 7-days | 6 | 15 | Occupational activities: • Yes or No; Frequency/week; Hours/week; Days/week Moderate, Hard and Very Hard in the Morning: Moderate, Hard and Very Hard in the Afternoon: Moderate, Hard and Very Hard in the Evening: Strength: Flexibility: • Minutes |
TPAQ Past 7-days | To measures physical activities for recreation and transport | Adams, Goad [47] | 2014 | Past 7-days | 3 | 21 | Transport to work; business; school; shops; friends: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/travel; Distance/travel (miles) Recreational activities for walking and cycling: • Frequency/week; Hours: minutes/week Vigorous and moderate-vigorous activities: • Frequency/week • Hours: minutes/week |