Table 2 Characteristics of the included reviews
Author, Date (Type of review) [Ref] | Number of eligible studies included in the umbrella review/total number of studies included in the review | Continent/s of included studies | Study design of included studies | Total sample size of included study (Sample range) | Age range or mean (years) of eligible studies | Gender (female, % range) of eligible studies | Year range of included studies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Babakus WS, 2012 (SLR) [24] | 6/38 | Europe (n = 6) | In-depth interviews (n = 2) Focus group (n = 1) Semi-structured interviews (n = 1) N.A. (n = 2) | 276 (30–109) N.A. (n = 2) | 40–83 N.A. (n = 2) | 39–53 N.A. (n = 2) | 1980–2012 |
Barnett I, 2012 (SLR) [25] | 19/19 | North America (n = 11) Europe (n = 6) Australia (n = 2) | Cohort (n = 14) Cross-sectional (n = 5) | 62,455 (51–11,469) | 45–99 | 0–100 | 1985–2010 |
Craggs C, 2011 (SLR) [34] | 13/46 | North America (n = 11) Europe (n = 2) | Prospective (n = 13) | 13,332 (40–3,878) | 4–9 (n = 1) 10–13 (n = 8) 14–18 (n = 4) | N.A. | 1986–2009 |
De Craemer M, 2012 (SLR) [26] | 7/43 | N.A. | Cross-sectional (n = 6) Longitudinal (n = 1) | N.A. | 4–6 | N.A. | 2003–2010 |
Engberg E, 2012 (SLR) [12] | 32/34 | Europe (n = 7) North America (n = 22) Australia (n = 3) | Cross-sectional retrospective (n = 7) Prospective longitudinal (n = 25) | 276,558 (26–80,944) | 17–70 | N.A. | 1992–2012 |
Kaczynski AT, 2008 (SLR) [13] | 50/50 | North America (n = 23) Europe (n = 18) Australia (n = 3) Asia (n = 1) Multiple Continents (n = 1) N.A. (n = 4) | Mostly cross-sectional | 381,807 (120–82,918) | 6–89 | N.A. | 1970–2005 |
Koeneman MA, 2011 (SLR) [27] | 2/34 | Australia (n = 1) Asia (n = 1) | Observational (n = 2) | N.A. | 40–80 | N.A. | 2007 |
Larouche R, 2014 (SLR) [15] | 46/73 | Europe (n = 25) North America (n = 9) South America (n = 1) Asia (n = 1) Australia (n = 9) Russia (n = 1) | Cross-sectional (n = 41) Prospective (n = 5) | 66,489 (103–7,023) | 5–17.9 | 53 | 2002–2012 |
Lee MC, 2008 (SLR) [28] | 24/32 | North America (n = 9) Europe (n = 10) Australia (n = 5) | Cross-sectional (n = 24) | 33,756 (88–10,771) | 5–18 | N.A. | 2002–2007 |
Marshall SJ, 2004 (MA) [14] | 24/54 | N.A. | N.A. | 1443,235 (36–20,766) | 0–18 | N.A. | 1990–2002 |
Pearson N, 2014 (MA) [29] | 163/163 | Multiple Continents | Prospective (n = 12) Cross-sectional (n = 147) Prospective and Cross-sectional (n = 4) | N.A. | 0–18 | N.A. | 1987–2013 |
Ridgers ND, 2012 (SLR) [33] | 3/53 | Europe (n = 2) Australia (n = 1) | Cross-sectional (n = 2) N.A. (n = 1) | N.A. | 5–18 | N.A. | 2006–2010 |
Schoeppe S, 2013 (SLR) [16] | 42/52 | Europe (n = 25) North America (n = 9) Asia (n = 1) Australia (n = 6) Russia (n = 1) | Cross-sectional (n = 39) Longitudinal (n = 3) | 55,896 (103–6,085) | 3–18 | 39–100 | 2002–2012 |
Stanley RM, 2012 (SLR) [30] | 6/22 | Europe (n = 1) North America (n = 4) Australia (n = 1) | Cross-sectional (n = 6) | N.A. | 8–14 | N.A. | 1997–2010 |
Tzormpatzakis N, 2007 (SLR) [31] | 3/36 | Europe (n = 3) | Cross-sectional (n = 3) | 4,213 (171–1,000) | 15–89 | 50–54 | 2002–2004 |
Uijtdewillingen L, 2014 (SLR) [35] | 11/30 | Europe (n = 5) North America (n = 5) Asia (n = 1) | Prospective (n = 11) | 11,259 (155–5,451) | 4–18 | 51–100 (n = 10) N.A. (n = 1) | 2005–2010 |
van der Horst K, 2007 (SLR) [32] | 10/57 | N.A. | Cross-sectional (n = 8) Prospective (n = 2) | N.A. | 4–12 (n = 3) 13–18 (n = 7) | N.A. | 1999–2004 |