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Table 5 Association between television viewing time at baseline and risk of each frailty criterion in two independent cohorts of community-dwelling older adults

From: Television viewing time as a risk factor for frailty and functional limitations in older adults: results from 2 European prospective cohorts

  

Exhaustion

Low physical activity

Slow walking speed

Weakness

Weight loss

Study cohort

Tertiles of TV viewing time (h/d)

n events/total

OR (95% CI)

n events/total

OR (95% CI)

n events/total

OR (95% CI)

n events/total

OR (95% CI)

n events/total

OR (95% CI)

Seniors-ENRICA

 

T1: ≤2 (M and W)

115/996

1.00

147/996

1.00

136/984

1.00

284/993

1.00

78/996

1.00

 

T2: 2.1-3 (M and W)

50/448

0.85 (0.59,1.23)

64/448

0.89 (0.64,1.23)

68/442

1.06 (0.77,1.46)

166/447

1.30 (1.00,1.69)

32/409

0.78 (0.50,1.21)

 

T3: >3 (M and W)

88/443

1.22 (0.87,1.69)

84/443

1.00 (0.73,1.37)

72/435

0.99 (0.71,1.38)

202/443

1.33 (1.02,1.74)

38/398

0.74 (0.49,1.14)

 

p-trend

 

0.32

 

0.92

 

0.99

 

0.02

 

0.15

 

Per 1 h increase

 

1.05 (0.97,1.14)

 

1.00 (0.92,1.08)

 

1.00 (0.92,1.08)

 

1.08 (1.00,1.16)

 

0.94 (0.84,1.05)

ELSA

 

T1: ≤3 (M) or ≤3.6 (W)

269/1397

1.00

224/1402

1.00

346/1297

1.00

274/1377

1.00

59/1402

1.00

 

T2: 3-5 (M) or 3.7-5.6 (W)

279/1266

0.97 (0.80,1.19)

260/1269

1.09 (0.87,1.36)

215/1176

0.77 (0.63,0.95)

279/1238

1.07 (0.86,1.36)

73/1269

1.27 (0.88,1.83)

 

T3: >5 (M) or >5.6 (W)

365/1315

1.14 (0.93,1.40)

353/1318

1.31 (1.05,1.63)

183/1204

0.74 (0.60,0.92)

306/1290

1.13 (0.89,1.43)

84/1318

1.31 (0.90,1.89)

 

p-trend

 

0.18

 

0.02

 

<0.01

 

0.31

 

0.17

 

Per 1 h increase

 

1.00 (0.98,1.03)

 

1.01 (0.99,1.04)

 

0.97 (0.94,0.99)

 

1.00 (0.98,1.03)

 

1.00 (0.96,1.04)

Random effects meta-analysis

 

T1

384/2393

1.00

371/2398

1.00

482/2281

1.00

558/2370

1.00

137/2398

1.00

 

T2

329/1714

0.94 (0.79,1.12)

324/1717

1.02 (0.85,1.23)

283/1618

0.88a(0.65,1.20)

445/1685

1.17 (0.97,1.41)

105/1678

1.01a (0.63,1.63)

 

T3

453/1758

1.16 (0.98,1.38)

437/1761

1.17a (0.90,1.52)

255/1639

0.83a(0.63,1.10)

508/1733

1.21 (1.03,1.45)

122/1716

0.99a (0.57,1.74)

 

p-trend

 

0.47

 

0.56

 

0.19

 

0.02

 

0.99

 

Per 1 h increase

          
  1. ENRICA, Study on Nutrition and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Spain; ELSA: English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
  2. T: Tertile (T1, T2 and T3: Tertiles 1, 2 and 3) M: Men; W: Women. OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval
  3. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were obtained from multiple logistic regression models
  4. Models were adjusted for age, sex, educational level, body mass index (<25, 25-29.9, ≥30 kg/m2), tobacco (never-, former current-smoker), total energy intake (kcal/day), Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS) index, physical activity, cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteomuscular disease and chronic respiratory disease. Note that in the ELSA study no adjustment was made for the MEDAS index or for energy intake
  5. aI2 > 30%; data should be interpreted with caution
  6. Results from the two cohorts have been pooled using random-effects meta-analysis
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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