Table 2 Summary of article quality assessment (N = 100)
Quality-assessment item [score] | % |
|---|---|
1. Study design [cross-sectional: 0; longitudinal: 1; quasi-experimental: 2] | |
cross-sectional | 94 |
longitudinal | 5 |
quasi-experimental | 1 |
2. Study areas or participant recruitment stratified by key environmental attributes [1] | 56 |
3. Response rate ≥ 60% or sample representative of the population [1] | 32 |
4. Physical activity measures (outcomes) valid, or well-established in the field [1] | 66 |
5. Analyses adjusted for key socio-demographic covariates (at least age, sex, and education considered) [1] | 66 |
6. Analysis adjusted for self-selection [1] | 12 |
7. Analytical approach – adjustment for clustering (if needed) [1/3] | 58 |
8. Analytical approach – accounting for distributional assumptions [1/3] | 84 |
9. Analytical approach – analyses conducted and presented correctly [1/3] | 76 |
10. Did not, inappropriately, categorise continuous environmental exposure/s [1] | 74 |
Total quality score [theoretical range: 0–9]; mean ± SD | 3.9 ± 1.3 |