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Table 3 Estimated effects of PM2.5 on individual-level physical activity outcomes by sex

From: The association between ambient fine particulate air pollution and physical activity: a cohort study of university students living in Beijing

Dependent variable

Total

Male only

Female only

Coefficient (95% CI)

# Observations (# participants)

Coefficient (95% CI)

# Observations (# participants)

Coefficient (95% CI)

# Observations (# participants)

Total minutes of vigorous physical activity in last week

−22.32*** (−24.88, −19.77)

11,318 (3241)

−21.70*** (−24.94, −18.46)

7654 (2189)

−23.55*** (−27.59, −19.52)

3664 (1065)

Total minutes of moderate physical activity in last week

−10.63*** (−14.61, −6.64)

11,045 (3231)

−13.27*** (−18.24, −8.29)

7416 (2181)

−4.79 (−11.41, 1.83)

3629 (1063)

Total minutes of MVPA

−32.45*** (−37.63, −27.28)

10,832 (3228)

−34.72*** (−41.22, −28.23)

7297 (2179)

−27.29*** (−35.75, −18.83)

3535 (1062)

Total minutes of walk in last week

−.86 (−3.84, 2.12)

11,018 (3233)

−2.68 (−6.32, .95)

7411 (2183)

3.30 (−1.91, 8.52)

3607 (1063)

Total met in last week

−226.14*** (−256.06, −196.21)

11,589 (3242)

−238.10*** (−275.72, −200.47)

7809 (2190)

−198.19*** (−246.91, −149.46)

3780 (1065)

  1. Separate individual fixed-effect regressions were performed to estimate the effects of air pollution concentrations on samples stratified by sex
  2. Models adjust for all time-variant individual characteristics listed in Table 1 (i.e., age, BMI, smoking status, drinking status, self-rated physical health, and self-rated mental health) and environmental variables listed in Table 2 (average daily temperature, average wind speed, and percentage of rainy day in last week). * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001