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Table 3 Characteristics of n = 47 Eligible Studies of Food Parenting and Child Snacking Published Between 1980 and 2017

From: Food parenting and child snacking: a systematic review

Year of Study Publication (n, %)

 Prior to 2000

2

4.3

 2000–2004

2

4.3

 2005–2009

12

25.5

 2010–2014

19

40.4

 2015-present

12

25.5

Country (n, %)

  

 United States

14

29.8

 The Netherlands

12

25.5

 Australia

8

17.0

 United Kingdom

8

17.0

 Other

5

10.6

Study Design (n, %)

 Cross-sectional

34

72.3

 Longitudinal

6

12.8

 Experimental

7

14.9

Participants Recruited (n, %)

 Caregiver only

15

31.9

 Caregiver-child dyad

21

44.7

 Child only

11

23.4

Number of Participants/Dyads (mean, SD)

693

789

Age Ranges of Children Included in Study (n, %)

 Preschool (2–5 years)

20

42.6

 Elementary (6–10 years)

30

63.8

 Middle School (11–13 years)

21

44.7

 High School (14–18 years)

10

21.3

Reported Caregiver Attributes (n, %)

 Caregiver Race/Ethnicity

20

42.6

  Non-white participants ≥60% samplea

6

30.0

Caregiver Gender

29

55.3

  Female-only sample

12

41.3

  Female participants ≥80% sampleb

26

89.6

  Fathers explicitly identified in sampleb

10

34.5

Caregiver Level of Education

34

72.3

  College educated ≥60% samplec

23

67.6

  1. aAmong participants that reported caregiver race/ethnicity
  2. bAmong participants that distinguished between male and female caregivers
  3. cAmong participants that reported caregiver level of education