Table 2 Characteristics of the eligible primary studies
Eligible primary studies | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Author, Date (type of review) [Ref] | n | Continent/s (n) | Study design (n) | Total sample size (sample range) | Age range or mean (years) | Gender (female, % range) | Physical activity (PA) outcome |
Babakus WS, 2012 (SLR) [28] | 12 | Europe (9), North America (2), Australia/Oceania (1) | N. A. qualitative | 587 (8–127)a | 16–70+ | N.A. to 100 | overall PA |
Beets MW, 2010 (SLR) [29] | 39 | N. A. | N. A. quantitative and qualitative | N. A. | <18b | N. A. | overall PA |
Coble JD, 2006 (SLR) [30] | 1 | North America (1) | cross-sectional (1) | 350 | 20–50 | 100 | overall PA |
Craggs C, 2011 (SLR) [31] | 19 | North America (14), Europe (3), Australia/Oceania (1), Asia (1) | longitudinal (19; follow-up: 4 months - 7 years) | 37,518 (28–12,812) | children: 4–9 and 10-13b, adolescents: 13.1–16.0 | N.A. to 100 | change in overall PA |
De Craemer M, 2012 (SLR) [32] | 12 | N. A. | N. A. | N. A. | 4–6 or results on preschoolersb | N. A. | total PA, MVPA, active transportation |
Edwardson CL, 2010 (SLR) [33] | 86c | North America (54), Europe (23), Australia/Oceania (7), Asia (2) | cross-sectional (75), longitudinal (11; follow-up: 20 months - 12 years) | N. A. | children: 6-11b, adolescents: 12-18b | 0–100 | MVPA, overall PA, leisure-time PA, organized PA, steps per day, PA frequency and intensities |
Engberg E, 2012 (SLR) [34] | 11 | North America (8), Australia/Oceania (3) | longitudinal (11; follow-up: 2–10 years) | 228,587 (558–80,944) | ≥18 | 0–100 | change in overall PA, in fitness, and in participation in exercise |
Ferreira I, 2006 (SLR) [35] | 96c | North America (75), Europe (18), Australia/Oceania (3) | cross-sectional (86), longitudinal (10; follow-up: 8 weeks - 3 years) | N. A. (<100 to ≥5000) | children: 3-12b, adolescents: 13-18b | N.A. to 100 | overall PA |
Gustafson SL, 2006 (SLR) [36] | 31 | North America (26), Europe (5) | cross-sectional (26), longitudinal (5; follow-up: N. A.) | 25,908 (30–7320) | age range: 4–18, mean age: 10.9a | N.A. to 100 | overall PA |
Hinkley T, 2008 (SLR) [37] | 7 | North America (7) | cross-sectional (6), longitudinal (1; follow-up: N. A.) | 1095 (30–347) | age range: 3–7, mean age: 3.8 | N. A. | overall PA |
Maitland C, 2013 (SLR) [38] | 8 | Asia (2), Australia/Oceania (2), Europe (2), North America (2) | cross-sectional (6), longitudinal (2; follow-up: N. A.) | 8105 (62–2660) | 11.6 | N. A. | overall PA, MVPA |
Maturo CC, 2013 (SLR) [39] | 81 | North America (43), Europe (21), Australia/Oceania (9), Asia (5), multiple, continents (2), South America (1) | N. A. quantitative (67), longitudinal (14; follow-up: N. A.) | 123,888 (20–31,202)* | age range: 8–21, Grade 1–12 | 0–100 | overall PA, PA intensity (not further specified) |
Mitchell J, 2012 (SLR, MA) [40] | 12 | North America (8), Australia/Oceania (3), South America (1) | cross-sectional (8), longitudinal (4; follow-up: 1–9 years) | 1692 (30–331) | 2-7b | N. A. | overall PA |
Olsen JM, 2013 (SLR) [41] | 13 | North America (13) | cross-sectional (2), quantitative, descriptive (2), N. A. quantitative (3), N. A. qualitative (4), N. A. quantitative and qualitative (1), multiple, descriptive, explanatory case study (1) | 6951 (17–2338) | 20–65+a | 100 | overall PA |
Pugliese J, 2007 (MA) [42] | 29 | N. A. | N. A. quantitative | 21,632 (21–8834) | 2.5–15.5 | N. A. | overall PA |
Ridgers ND, 2012 (SLR) [43] | 7 | Australia/Oceania (5), Europe (1), North America (1) | N. A. | N. A. | children: 5-12b, adolescents: 13-18b | N. A. | overall PA during school recess |
Siddiqi Z, 2011 (SLR) [44] | 22 | N.A. (African Americans were included) | N. A. qualitative | 797 (14–71) | ≥18 | 48-100a | overall PA |
Singhammer J, 2015 (MA) [45] | 9 | North America (4), Europe (3), Australia/Oceania (2) | cross-sectional (7), longitudinal (2; follow-up: N. A.) | 11,159 (200–2458) | 6–18 | N. A. | overall PA |
Stanley RM, 2012 (SLR) [46] | 8 | North America (5), Australia/Oceania (2), Europe (1) | cross-sectional (7), questionnaire validation study (1) | N. A. | 10.7 | N. A. | school break time overall PA, after-school overall PA |
Uijtdewillingen L, 2014 (SLR) [47] | 6c | North America (3), Europe (2), Australia/Oceania (1) | longitudinal (6; follow-up: 1–13 years) | 21,163 (152–12,812) | children: 5.5, adolescents: 8.5 | 40–100 | overall PA |
Van der Horst K, 2007 (SLR) [48] | 19c | N. A. | cross-sectional (16), longitudinal (2; follow-up: N. A.) | N. A. | children: 4-12b, adolescents: 13-18b | N. A. | overall PA |
Wendel-Vos W, 2007 (SLR) [49] | 24 | North America (16), Australia/Oceania (6), Asia (1), Europe (1) | cross-sectional (22), longitudinal (2; follow-up: N. A.) | 74672a (146–29,135) | ≥18 | N.A. to 100 | general PA, moderate PA, vigorous PA/ sports, MVPA, commuting activities, walking, neighbourhood walking |
Yao CA, 2015 (MA) [50] | 106 | North America (62), Europe (28), Australia/Oceania (11), Asia (3), South America (2) | cross-sectional (88), longitudinal (18; follow-up: 8 months - 9 years) | 163,215 (14–68,288) | 2.5-18b | N.A. to 100 | overall PA |