Hungry to learn: the prevalence and effects of food insecurity on health behaviors and outcomes over time among a diverse sample of university freshmen

Table 1 Frequencies for key demographics by food secure (FS) and food insecurity (FI) status among college freshmen across time points

	Time 1			Time 2			Time 3			Time 4
	Total	FS	FI	Total	FS	FI	Total	FS	FI	Total	FS	FI
Total, n(%)	1138	815 (72)	323 (28)	555	360 (65)	195 (35)	428	292 (68)	136 (32)	400	258 (64)	142 (36)
Gender, n(%)
Female	741 (65)	540 (66)	201 (62)	402 (72)	261 (72)	141 (72)	315 (74)	222 (76)	93 (68)	291 (73)	191 (74)	100 (70)
Male	397 (35)	275 (34)	122 (38)	153 (28)	99 (28)	54 (28)	113 (26)	70 (24)	43 (32)	109 (27)	67 (26)	42 (30)
Race/ethnicity, n(%)
White	576 (51)	431 (53)	145 (45)	274 (49)	183 (51)	91 (47)	200 (47)	142 (49)	58 (43)	180 (45)	123 (48)	57 (40)
Hispanic	277 (24)	181 (22)	96 (30)	129 (23)	83 (23)	46 (24)	109 (25)	69 (24)	40 (29)	103 (26)	56 (22)	47 (33)
Black	104 (9)	77 (9)	27 (8)	61 (11)	33 (9)	28 (14)	47 (11)	33 (11)	14 (10)	48 (12)	32 (12)	16 (11)
Other	181 (16)	126 (15)	55 (17)	91 (16)	61 (17)	30 (15)	72 (17)	48 (16)	24 (18)	69 (17)	47 (18)	22 (15)
Pell Grant status, n(%)^T1
No	766 (67)	575 (71)	191 (59)	360 (65)	247 (69)	113 (58)	279 (65)	195 (67)	84 (62)	252 (63)	173 (67)	79 (56)
Yes	372 (33)	240 (29)	132 (41)	195 (35)	113 (31)	82 (42)	149 (35)	97 (33)	52 (38)	148 (37)	85 (33)	63 (44)
Residence hall, n(%)^{B,T2, T3}
A	681 (60)	473 (58)	208 (64)	267 (48)	153 (42)	114 (58)	197 (46)	121 (41)	76 (56)	195 (49)	116 (45)	79 (56)
B	457 (40)	342 (42)	115 (36)	288 (52)	207 (57)	81 (42)	231 (54)	171 (59)	60 (44)	205 (51)	142 (55)	63 (44)

^{T1, T2, T3}chi-square test significant at p ≤ 0.01 at Times 1,2, and 3. No significant bivariate associations were observed at Time 4 [T4]
^BResidence hall indicates residents from one campus. Residence hall B indicates all other resident participants

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