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Table 3 Odds ratios (ORs) and 99% confidence intervals from structural equation models with prediction of reported health behaviors and outcomes from previous and concurrent food insecurity

From: Hungry to learn: the prevalence and effects of food insecurity on health behaviors and outcomes over time among a diverse sample of university freshmen

  

Previous Food Insecurity

Concurrent Food Insecurity

  

OR

99% CI

OR

99% CI

Weight status

     

 Overweight/obese

Yes

0.56

(0.21,1.45)

1.68

(0.69,4.12)

Eating behaviors

     

 Breakfast consumption

≥4 times /week

1.03

(0.68,1.54)

0.67

(0.46,0.99)*

 Evening meal consumption

7 times /week

0.93

(0.58,1.49)

0.55

(0.36,0.86)*

 Fast food consumption

≥2 times /week

1.06

(0.68,1.65)

1.25

(0.83,1.88)

 Fruit/vegetable consumption

≥ 4 servings/day

1.08

(0.72,1.62)

0.86

(0.58,1.25)

 DSQa – fruits and vegetables

> 2 cups/day

1.11

(0.73,1.67)

0.76

(0.52,1.12)

 DSQa - dairy

> 1.5 cups/day

1.27

(0.84,1.92)

0.81

(0.55,1.19)

 DSQa – added sugars

>  16 tsp./day

1.10

(0.73,1.67)

0.91

(0.61,1.34)

 DSQa – sugar sweetened beverages

> 6 tsp./day

0.95

(0.63,1.45)

0.90

(0.60,1.34)

 DSQa – whole grains

>.65 oz./day

1.00

(0.68,1.46)

1.07

(0.74,1.53)

 DSQa - fiber

> 15 g/day

1.05

(0.68,1.63)

0.88

(0.58,1.34)

 DSQa - calcium

> 900 mg/day

1.21

(0.77,1.90)

0.98

(0.64,1.49)

 Eating habits on campus

Healthy

0.84

(0.56,1.27)

0.68

(0.46,1.00)*

 Eating habits off campus

Healthy

0.83

(0.55,1.25)

0.87

(0.59,1.28)

Alcohol behaviors

     

 Drink alcohol

Yes

1.09

(0.66,1.83)

1.27

(0.78,2.08)

 Binge drinking

Yes

0.94

(0.57,1.56)

1.33

(0.83,2.13)

Physical activity (PA) and leisure time behaviors

    

 Moderate-vigorous PA

> 30 mins/day

0.94

(0.63,1.40)

0.95

(0.65,1.38)

 PA habits on campus

Healthy

1.16

(0.75,1.79)

0.66

(0.44,1.00)*

 PA habits off campus

Healthy

0.99

(0.65,1.50)

0.68

(0.46,1.01)

 Screen time

>  195 mins/day

1.36

(0.88, 2.10)

0.76

(0.51, 1.13)

Sleep quality

     

 Enough sleep

≥5 times /week

0.72

(0.45,1.14)

0.69

(0.45,1.07)

 Wake up too early

≥1 times /week

1.17

(0.74,1.87)

1.00

(0.64,1.57)

 Feel tired during the day

≥4 times /week

1.14

(0.78,1.68)

1.39

(0.97,1.98)

Mental health outcomes

     

 Perceived stress

Highb

1.42

(0.95,2.13)

1.69

(1.16,2.46)*

 Depressed mood

Highc

1.14

(0.75,1.74)

1.98

(1.34,2.91)*

 Anxiety

Diagnosed or Treated

2.06

(0.92,4.62)

1.20

(0.55,2.59)

  1. aDSQ—Dietary screener questionnaire
  2. bPast month perceived stress score computed as sum of responses to 4 items with a 4-point response scale; High was defined as score > 8
  3. cPast month depressed mood score computed as sum of responses to 6 items with a 4-point response scale; High was defined as score > 2
  4. *indicates statistical significance at p ≤ 0.01