| |
Face-to-face
|
Mobile
|
Control
|
pa
|
|---|
|
Number of participants (n)
|
70
|
78
|
71
| |
|
Starting time of the study (n)
| | | |
.642
|
|
Autumn
|
35
|
37
|
30
| |
|
Spring
|
35
|
41
|
41
|
|
Study center (n)
| | | |
.970
|
|
Jyväskylä
|
20
|
22
|
17
| |
|
Kuopio
|
22
|
25
|
23
|
|
Helsinki
|
28
|
31
|
31
|
|
Gender (n)
| | | |
.670
|
|
Female
|
61
|
66
|
58
| |
|
Male
|
9
|
12
|
13
|
|
Age (years)
|
50.3 ± 7.2
|
49.1 ± 7.7
|
49.2 ± 7.4
|
.575
|
|
Weight (kg)
|
86.1 ± 10.3
|
88.4 ± 10.4
|
88.3 ± 11.5
|
.342
|
|
BMI (kg/m2)
|
31.0 ± 3.1
|
31.6 ± 2.7
|
31.2 ± 2.8
|
.423
|
|
Psychological distress (GHQ-12 score)
|
7.2 ± 3.0
|
6.8 ± 2.8
|
7.4 ± 2.7
|
.408b
|
|
Perceived stress (PSS score)
|
25.8 ± 8.0
|
26.9 ± 7.8
|
26.9 ± 7.6
|
.597
|
- Values are n / mean ± SD; Autumn = September – October 2012; Spring = January – February 2013; BMI body mass index, GHQ-12 General Health Questionnaire-12, PSS Perceived Stress Scale
- ap-value for differences between the study groups (Pearson chi-square for categorical variables and one-way ANOVA for continuous variables unless other noted)
- bNon-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test
