Effectiveness of the ‘Girls Active’ school-based physical activity programme: A cluster randomised controlled trial

Harrington, Deirdre M.; Davies, Melanie J.; Bodicoat, Danielle H.; Charles, Joanna M.; Chudasama, Yogini V.; Gorely, Trish; Khunti, Kamlesh; Plekhanova, Tatiana; Rowlands, Alex V.; Sherar, Lauren B.; Tudor Edwards, Rhiannon; Yates, Thomas; Edwardson, Charlotte L.

doi:10.1186/s12966-018-0664-6

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 6 Scores for psychosocial measures at follow-up for participants randomised to usual practice (control) or to the Girls Active programme (intervention)

From: Effectiveness of the ‘Girls Active’ school-based physical activity programme: A cluster randomised controlled trial

	Number of schools \| pupils		Adjusted difference at follow-up^a
	Control	Intervention	Coefficient (95% C.I.)	P value	ICC
Intentions to be physically active^b
Baseline	10 \| 871	10 \| 842
7 months	8 \| 623	10 \| 776	-0.15 (-0.33 to 0.03)	0.094	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 569	10 \| 734	-0.21 (-0.37 to -0.05)	0.012	< 0.001
Perceived importance of PA^c
Baseline	10 \| 849	10 \| 828
7 months	8 \| 621	10 \| 768	-0.42 (-0.66 to -0.18)	< 0.001	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 557	10 \| 729	-0.13 (-0.41 to 0.15)	0.350	< 0.001
Attitudes towards being physically active^d
Positive
Baseline	10 \| 877	10 \| 863
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 775	-0.02 (-0.13 to 0.09)	0.775	0.01
14 months	9 \| 573	10 \| 737	-0.03 (-0.07 to 0.02)	0.250	< 0.001
Negative
Baseline	10 \| 877	10 \| 863
7 months	8 \| 627	10 \| 775	0.01 (-0.05 to 0.08)	0.661	0.003
14 months	9 \| 573	10 \| 737	0.04 (-0.04 to 0.11)	0.359	0.001
Whole
Baseline	10 \| 877	10 \| 863
7 months	8 \| 627	10 \| 775	-0.02 (-0.10 to 0.06)	0.667	0.01
14 months	9 \| 573	10 \| 737	-0.03 (-0.08 to 0.02)	0.267	< 0.001
Social support for PA from family^e
Baseline	10 \| 876	10 \| 863
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 774	0.03 (-0.05 to 0.12)	0.445	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 571	10 \| 735	-0.05 (-0.11 to 0.01)	0.105	< 0.001
Social support for PA received from peers^e
Baseline	10 \| 874	10 \| 863
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 773	-0.01 (-0.12 to 0.10)	0.880	0.01
14 months	9 \| 567	10 \| 734	0.01 (-0.07 to 0.09)	0.762	0.01
School-based social support for PA
Physical environment^e
Baseline	10 \| 878	10 \| 862
7 months	8 \| 627	10 \| 773	0.03 (-0.10 to 0.15)	0.684	0.03
14 months	9 \| 571	10 \| 734	-0.13 (-0.24 to -0.01)	0.032	0.04
Social environment^e
Baseline	10 \| 878	10 \| 861
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 773	-0.01 (-0.10 to 0.07)	0.758	0.026
14 months	9 \| 570	10 \| 734	-0.07 (-0.15 to 0.01)	0.080	0.009
PE teachers^f
Baseline	10 \| 874	10 \| 859
7 months	8 \| 624	10 \| 774	-0.03 (-0.23 to 0.16)	0.733	0.026
14 months	9 \| 567	10 \| 731	-0.21 (-0.45 to 0.02)	0.074	0.018
Confidence to take part in PA (self-efficacy)^d
Baseline	10 \| 879	10 \| 853
7 months	8 \| 625	10 \| 774	-0.02 (-0.09 to 0.04)	0.472	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 733	-0.08 (-0.14 to -0.02)	0.013	< 0.001
Enjoyment of PA^g
Baseline	10 \| 876	10 \| 851
7 months	8 \| 625	10 \| 772	-0.03 (-0.14 to 0.08)	0.592	0.140
14 months	9 \| 566	10 \| 731	-0.04 (-0.12 to 0.04)	0.361	< 0.001
Motivation to take part in PA^g
Extrinsic
Baseline	10 \| 877	10 \| 842
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 771	-0.02 (-0.11 to 0.07)	0.680	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 735	-0.01 (-0.15 to 0.13)	0.919	0.009
Introjected
Baseline	10 \| 878	10 \| 842
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 771	-0.05 (-0.11 to 0.02)	0.143	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 735	-0.05 (-0.14 to 0.04)	0.260	< 0.001
Identified
Baseline	10 \| 878	10 \| 842
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 771	-0.02 (-0.15 to 0.10)	0.700	0.020
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 735	-0.09 (-0.18 to -0.01)	0.032	< 0.001
Intrinsic
Baseline	10 \| 878	10 \| 842
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 771	-0.01 (-0.18 to 0.18)	0.990	0.028
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 735	-0.06 (-0.16 to -0.04)	0.243	0.002
Amotivation
Baseline	10 \| 877	10 \| 841
7 months	8 \| 626	10 \| 771	-0.03 (-0.15 to 0.09)	0.578	0.007
14 months	9 \| 568	10 \| 735	-0.02 (-0.14 to 0.09)	0.684	0.002
Physical self-perception^e
Self-esteem
Baseline	10 \| 760	10 \| 700
7 months	8 \| 622	10 \| 769	0.06 (0.01 to 0.11)	0.025	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 535	10 \| 730	-0.06 (-0.13 to 0.01)	0.086	< 0.001
Physical self-worth
Baseline	10 \| 760	10 \| 699
7 months	8 \| 622	10 \| 769	-0.01 (-0.07 to 0.05)	0.742	0.007
14 months	9 \| 535	10 \| 730	-0.03 (-0.09 to 0.03)	0.322	0.006
Body attractiveness
Baseline	10 \| 760	10 \| 699
7 months	8 \| 622	10 \| 769	-0.05 (-0.12 to 0.03)	0.195	< 0.001
14 months	9 \| 535	10 \| 730	0.02 (-0.05 to 0.08)	0.630	< 0.001

IQR interquartile range; CI confidence interval; ICC intra-class correlation; PA physical activity
^aBased on a complete case analysis, adjusted difference at follow-up between randomised groups with 95% confidence interval, p value and ICC for schools; adjusted for cluster effect, baseline value, participant year group, school %free school meal eligibility and stratification categories (school size and percentage of non-White pupils)
^bScore ranges from 1 = ‘very unlikely’ to 7 = ‘very likely’
^cScale ranges from 1 = ‘very unimportant’ to 10 = ‘very important’
^dScore ranges from 1 = ‘disagree a lot’ to 5 = ‘agree a lot’
^eScore ranges from 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ to 5 = ‘strongly agree’
^fScore ranges from 1 = ‘strongly disagree’ to’ 7 = ‘strongly agree’
^gScore ranges from 1 = ‘no not at all’ to 5 = ‘yes a lot’

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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