| |
Summary of all included studies
|
|---|
|
n/N
|
Association
|
|---|
|
Mortality
|
4/4 (100%)
|
Favorable (++)
|
|
Cardiometabolic risk factors
|
|
WC
|
8/12 (67%)
|
Favorable (++)
|
|
Obese/ adiposity/ BMI
|
4/10 (40%)
|
Inconsistent (??)
|
|
Fat mass/ percent body fat
|
3/3 (100%)
|
Favorable (+)
|
|
SBP
|
1/6 (17%)
|
No association (00)
|
|
DBP
|
0/4 (0%)
|
No association (00)
|
|
High BP
|
1/5 (20%)
|
No association (00)
|
|
HDL-C
|
4/11(36%)
|
Inconsistent (??)
|
|
LDL -C
|
0/3 (0%)
|
No association (0)
|
|
Triglycerides
|
8/11 (73%)
|
Favorable (++)
|
|
Dyslipidemia
|
0/1 (0%)
|
No association (0)
|
|
Glucose
|
2/11 (18%)
|
No association (00)
|
|
Glycated hemoglobin
|
0/2 (0%)
|
No association (0)
|
|
Insulin/ diabetes
|
5/6 (83%)
|
Favorable (++)
|
|
HOMA β
|
1/2 (50%)
|
Inconsistent (?)
|
|
HOMA R
|
3/6 (50%)
|
Inconsistent (?)
|
|
CRP
|
1/4 (25%)
|
No association (0)
|
|
Metabolic syndrome
|
5/7 (71%)
|
Favorable (++)
|
|
Lipid accumulation
|
1/2 (50%)
|
Inconsistent (?)
|
|
Framingham risk score
|
0/1 (0%)
|
No association (0)
|
|
Mental health and cognitive function
|
|
Mental health
|
1/1 (100%)
|
Favorable (+)
|
|
Well-being
|
1/1 (100%)
|
Favorable (+)
|
|
Cognitive health
|
1/2 (50%)
|
Inconsistent (?)
|
|
Other outcomes
|
|
Medical multimorbidity
|
2/2 (100%)
|
Favorable (+)
|
|
Prostate-specific antigen
|
1/1 (100%)
|
Favorable (+)
|
- No association (0): 0%–33% of the papers reported a statistically significant difference between LPA and outcomes, Indeterminate (?): 34–59% of the papers indicated a statistically significant difference, and favorable association (+)/ unfavorable association (−): 60%–100% of the papers showed a statistically significant favorable / unfavorable difference, respectively. When more than four studies supported an association or no association, it was coded as “00”, “++”, or “−−”. “??” indicates inconsistent findings
- BMI Body mass index, BP Blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, SBP Systolic blood pressure, WC Waist circumference, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA Homeostasis model assessment, CRP C-reactive protein
- N indicates the number of studies included in the review. n indicates the number of studies showing a favorable association
