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Table 2 Summary of studies analyzing associations of objectively measured light-intensity physical activity with health outcomes after adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adults

From: Is objectively measured light-intensity physical activity associated with health outcomes after adjustment for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in adults? A systematic review

 

Summary of all included studies

n/N

Association

Mortality

4/4 (100%)

Favorable (++)

Cardiometabolic risk factors

 WC

8/12 (67%)

Favorable (++)

 Obese/ adiposity/ BMI

4/10 (40%)

Inconsistent (??)

 Fat mass/ percent body fat

3/3 (100%)

Favorable (+)

 SBP

1/6 (17%)

No association (00)

 DBP

0/4 (0%)

No association (00)

 High BP

1/5 (20%)

No association (00)

 HDL-C

4/11(36%)

Inconsistent (??)

 LDL -C

0/3 (0%)

No association (0)

 Triglycerides

8/11 (73%)

Favorable (++)

 Dyslipidemia

0/1 (0%)

No association (0)

 Glucose

2/11 (18%)

No association (00)

 Glycated hemoglobin

0/2 (0%)

No association (0)

 Insulin/ diabetes

5/6 (83%)

Favorable (++)

 HOMA β

1/2 (50%)

Inconsistent (?)

 HOMA R

3/6 (50%)

Inconsistent (?)

 CRP

1/4 (25%)

No association (0)

 Metabolic syndrome

5/7 (71%)

Favorable (++)

 Lipid accumulation

1/2 (50%)

Inconsistent (?)

 Framingham risk score

0/1 (0%)

No association (0)

Mental health and cognitive function

 Mental health

1/1 (100%)

Favorable (+)

 Well-being

1/1 (100%)

Favorable (+)

 Cognitive health

1/2 (50%)

Inconsistent (?)

Other outcomes

 Medical multimorbidity

2/2 (100%)

Favorable (+)

 Prostate-specific antigen

1/1 (100%)

Favorable (+)

  1. No association (0): 0%–33% of the papers reported a statistically significant difference between LPA and outcomes, Indeterminate (?): 34–59% of the papers indicated a statistically significant difference, and favorable association (+)/ unfavorable association (−): 60%–100% of the papers showed a statistically significant favorable / unfavorable difference, respectively. When more than four studies supported an association or no association, it was coded as “00”, “++”, or “−−”. “??” indicates inconsistent findings
  2. BMI Body mass index, BP Blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, SBP Systolic blood pressure, WC Waist circumference, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA Homeostasis model assessment, CRP C-reactive protein
  3. N indicates the number of studies included in the review. n indicates the number of studies showing a favorable association