The association between maternal-child physical activity levels at the transition to formal schooling: cross-sectional and prospective data from the Southampton Women’s Survey

Table 4 Associations between child and maternal physical activity levels, and influence of temporal and demographic factors

	Sedentary time		Moderate to vigorous physical activity
	β [95% C.I.] (minutes per day)	p-Value	β [95% C.I.] (minutes per day)	p-Value
Average daily activity^a	0.23 [0.20,0.26]	< 0.001	0.53 [0.43,0.64]	< 0.001
Interaction terms
Sex	−0.03 [− 0.09,0.03]	0.276	− 0.30 [− 0.50,-0.09]	0.004
Age mother left full-time education (ref < 16 years)
17–18 years	0.06 [−0.01,0.13]	0.118	−0.07 [− 0.30,0.17]	0.583
> 18 years	− 0.02 [− 0.10,0.06]	0.652	−0.01 [− 0.27,0.24]	0.920
Siblings (ref: none)
Younger only	−0.02 [− 0.10,0.06]	0.581	0.24 [− 0.04,0.52]	0.089
Older only	0.09 [0.01,0.16]	0.025	0.12 [−0.13,0.36]	0.346
Older and younger	0.09 [−0.04,0.22]	0.171	0.53 [0.12,0.94]	0.012
Time of the week (ref: weekday)	0.07 [0.02,0.12]	0.009	0.44 [0.24,0.64]	< 0.001
Season (ref: winter)
Spring	−0.01 [−0.10,0.08]	0.963	−0.48 [− 0.82,-0.14]	0.005
Summer	0.03 [−0.06,0.12]	0.715	−0.01 [− 0.35,0.34]	0.965
Autumn	0.03 [−0.05,0.12]	0.784	−0.13 [− 0.46,0.20]	0.444
Association by time of day^b
Morning (6 am–9 am)	0.44 [0.40,0.49]	< 0.001	0.15[0.13,0.16]	< 0.001
School (9 am-3 pm)	0.06 [0.03,0.10]	< 0.001	0.02 [0.01,0.03]	< 0.001
Evening (3-11 pm)	0.40 [0.35,0.44]	< 0.001	0.06 [0.04,0.07]	< 0.001

β beta regression coefficient, 95% C.I. 95% confidence interval; ^a models adjusted for child sex, weight status, age mother left full-time education, siblings at home, time of the week and season; ^b weekdays only, models adjusted for child sex, weight status, age mother left full-time education, siblings at home, and season

ISSN: 1479-5868