|
Outcome
|
No. of studies
|
Total number of participants
|
Effect size
|
Heterogeneity
|
|---|
|
Hedges’ g (95% CI)
|
P-value
|
I2
|
P-value
|
|---|
|
Physical function - Yoga vs inactive controls
|
|
Balance
|
7
|
265
|
0.70 (0.19 to 1.22)
|
0.01
|
72.15
|
0.001
|
|
Body composition
|
4
|
314
|
0.16 (−0.06 to 0.38)
|
0.16
|
0.00
|
0.91
|
|
Lower body flexibility
|
7
|
431
|
0.50 (0.3 to 0.69)
|
< 0.001
|
0.00
|
0.88
|
|
Lower limb strength
|
7
|
485
|
0.45 (0.22 to 0.68)
|
< 0.001
|
32.70
|
0.17
|
|
Upper body flexibility
|
4
|
166
|
0.28 (−0.02 to 0.58)
|
0.07
|
0.00
|
0.87
|
|
Walking speed
|
5
|
377
|
0.38 (−0.02 to 0.78)
|
0.06
|
72.69
|
0.003
|
|
Physical function - Yoga vs active controls
|
|
Balance
|
5
|
264
|
0.32 (−0.02 to 0.66)
|
0.07
|
34.74
|
0.18
|
|
Lower body flexibility
|
3
|
225
|
0.28 (0.01 to 0.54)
|
0.04
|
0.00
|
0.59
|
|
Lower limb strength
|
3
|
225
|
0.49 (0.1 to 0.88)
|
0.01
|
47.44
|
0.15
|
|
Mobility
|
3
|
173
|
0.31 (−0.25 to 0.87)
|
0.28
|
58.73
|
0.06
|
|
Walking speed
|
3
|
192
|
−0.29 (− 0.79 to 0.22)
|
0.26
|
57.41
|
0.07
|
|
HRQoL - Yoga vs inactive controls
|
|
Depression
|
8
|
450
|
0.64 (0.32 to 0.95)
|
< 0.001
|
57.09
|
0.02
|
|
Fear of falls
|
3
|
104
|
0.39 (−0.45 to 1.24)
|
0.36
|
75.64
|
0.02
|
|
Perceived mental health
|
9
|
554
|
0.6 (0.33 to 0.87)
|
< 0.001
|
54.87
|
0.02
|
|
Perceived physical health
|
5
|
400
|
0.61 (0.29 to 0.94)
|
< 0.001
|
58.55
|
0.05
|
|
Sleep quality
|
4
|
353
|
0.65 (0.41 to 0.88)
|
< 0.001
|
13.06
|
0.33
|
|
Social health
|
3
|
225
|
0.27 (−0.15 to 0.69)
|
0.2
|
51.76
|
0.13
|
|
Vitality
|
3
|
196
|
0.31 (0.03 to 0.59)
|
0.03
|
0.00
|
0.83
|
|
HRQoL - Yoga vs active controls
|
|
Anxiety
|
3
|
206
|
0.43 (−0.03 to 0.88)
|
0.06
|
50.03
|
0.11
|
|
Depression
|
4
|
215
|
0.54 (0.25 to 0.83)
|
< 0.001
|
8.61
|
0.36
|
|
Perceived mental health
|
3
|
183
|
0.26 (−0.03 to 0.55)
|
0.08
|
0.00
|
0.81
|
- CI: Confidence interval; Significant effect sizes (95% CI) and corresponding p values have been highlighted in bold
