| | | |
Unadjusted
|
Adjustedb
|
---|
Nutrient
|
Dental status
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Mean difference
|
95% CI
|
P
|
Mean difference
|
95% CI
|
P
|
---|
Retinol μmol/L
|
DEN
|
1.92
|
0.49
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
1.91
|
0.54
|
−0.01
|
−0.12, 0.10
|
0.863
|
−0.00
|
−0.11, 0.10
|
0.941
|
E-DEN
|
1.85
|
0.55
|
−0.07
|
−0.18, 0.05
|
0.272
|
− 0.07
|
−0.19, 0.06
|
0.305
|
Vitamin B6 PLP n/mol/La
|
DEN
|
41.20
|
26.55, 59.53
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
40.12
|
25.00, 59.00
|
−1.03
|
−1.17, 1.11
|
0.688
|
1.01
|
−1.13, 1.14
|
0.907
|
E-DEN
|
29.07
|
18.15, 43.45
|
−1.42
|
−1.63, − 1.23
|
< 0.001
|
−1.27
|
− 1.47, − 1.10
|
0.001
|
Vitamin B12 pmol/L
|
DEN
|
269.61
|
104.67
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
269.86
|
99.64
|
0.25
|
−21.10, 21.59
|
0.982
|
2.74
|
−18.23, 23.72
|
0.797
|
E-DEN
|
254.93
|
107.56
|
−14.68
|
−37.49, 8.13
|
0.207
|
−5.32
|
−29.19, 18.55
|
0.662
|
Vitamin C μmol/L
|
DEN
|
49.76
|
21.52
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
51.70
|
21.40
|
1.94
|
−2.58, 6.45
|
0.400
|
2.91
|
−1.32, 7.13
|
0.177
|
E-DEN
|
39.05
|
21.06
|
−10.71
|
−15.57, − 5.85
|
< 0.001
|
−6.42
|
− 11.26, − 1.58
|
0.009
|
25-OH-D nmol/L
|
DEN
|
44.34
|
22.10
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
43.62
|
20.74
|
−0.72
|
−5.25, 3.80
|
0.754
|
0.25
|
−4.05, 4.56
|
0.909
|
E-DEN
|
39.97
|
23.38
|
−4.37
|
−9.28, 0.53
|
0.081
|
−2.25
|
−7.22, 2.73
|
0.375
|
β-Carotene μmol/La
|
DEN
|
0.43
|
0.28, 0.69
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
0.41
|
0.27, 0.62
|
−1.05
|
−1.12, 1.02
|
0.145
|
− 1.04
|
−1.11, 1.03
|
0.293
|
E-DEN
|
0.34
|
0.24, 0.52
|
−1.14
|
−1.23, − 1.06
|
< 0.001
|
−1.10
|
− 1.19, − 1.02
|
0.015
|
Ferritin μg/La
|
DEN
|
80.41
|
43.00, 164.50
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
D-DEN
|
82.07
|
44.25, 153.75
|
1.02
|
1.19, 1.24
|
0.836
|
1.08
|
−1.13, 1.30
|
0.448
|
E-DEN
|
74.47
|
43.50, 143.50
|
−1.08
|
−1.19, 1.24
|
0.470
|
1.02
|
−1.22, 1.27
|
0.863
|
- Data analysed using multiple regression. Data presented as means (SD), and unadjusted and adjusted differences in means (95% CI). aVariables were naturally logged transformed for analysis, and presented as geometric means (IQRs), and ratio of the geometric means (95% CIs). DEN group was fixed as the reference category in each model. bAdjusted for age, gender, SES (low, med & high), living status (living alone or not living alone), energy intake (kJ/d), survey year, smoking status (current smoker, past regular smoker & never smoked) and nutritional supplement use (yes/no).