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Table 4 Change in the proportion of snacks and beverages in vending machines by intervention group in the Eat, Play, Live trial

From: Eat, play, live: a randomized controlled trial within a natural experiment examining the role of nutrition policy and capacity building in improving food environments in recreation and sport facilities

 

n

Mean % (SD)

Intervention effecta

Baseline

Follow-up

F

p value

Beverages

 Do Not Sell

  GL + CBI

16

59.1 (17.2)

51.8 (20.1)

0.667

0.52

  GL-ONLY

12

71.7 (14.1)

64.8 (20.5)

  NO-GL

17

80.8 (10.2)

79.2 (14.4)

 Sell Sometimes

  GL + CBI

16

21.4 (12.7)

24.9 (16.2)

0.043

0.96

  GL-ONLY

12

14.6 (12.6)

18.7 (13.2)

  NO-GL

17

10.8 (4.4)

13.4 (9.2)

 Sell Most

  GL + CBI

16

19.4 (11.9)

23.3 (11.3)

1.596

0.22

  GL-ONLY

12

13.7 (7.4)

16.5 (11.3)

  NO-GL

17

8.5 (9.8)

7.4 (9.1)

Snacks

 Do Not Sell

  GL + CBI

14

74.0 (16.6)

45.2 (20.1)

15.629

< 0.001b

  GL-ONLY

10

80.0 (22.4)

81.0 (22.1)

  NO-GL

12

91.1 (8.8)

90.6 (6.3)

 Sell Sometimes

  GL + CBI

14

22.4 (14.4)

43.8 (15.8)

15.529

< 0.001b

  GL-ONLY

10

15.0 (15.2)

15.2 (16.6)

  NO-GL

12

6.0 (6.3)

6.7 (5.1)

 Sell Most

  GL + CBI

14

3.7 (4.4)

11.0 (9.0)

4.310

0.002c

  GL-ONLY

10

4.9 (8.3)

3.8 (6.5)

  NO-GL

12

2.8 (3.4)

2.7 (4.7)

  1. GL + CBI guideline + capacity building intervention facilities, GL-ONLY guideline only facilities, NO-GL no guideline facilities
  2. A total of 83 beverage (52% of all beverage machines; n = 2110 products) and 58 snack vending machines (78% of all snack machines; n = 1983 products) were audited at baseline. A total of 79 beverage (54% of all beverage machines; n = 2106 products) and 59 snack vending machines (80% of all snack machines; n = 2067 products) were audited at follow-up
  3. aThe intervention effect is the p value for the interaction of time by condition from repeated measures ANOVA
  4. bSignificant pairwise differences between GL + CBI and GL-ONLY (p < 0.01); and between GL + CBI and NO-GL (p < 0.001)
  5. cNon-significant trend toward pairwise differences between GL + CBI and NO-GL (p = 0.08)