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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies on political and public acceptability of a sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) tax (n = 40)

From: Political and public acceptability of a sugar-sweetened beverages tax: a mixed-method systematic review and meta-analysis

Author (year)

Country

Taxation at time of study

Study design

Data collection method

Samplea

 

Recruitment/setting

Sample size

Isett (2015) [28]

US

No

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political and public

Individuals involved in the SSBs policy initiative (past and present public officials, key advocates from the nonprofit sectorb)

New York City

27 (6b)

Moise (2011) [29]

Mexico

No

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political and public

Key informants (from Ministry of Health and civil societyb)

Purposive sample

16 (3b)

Nixon (2015) [30]

US

No

Qualitative

News reports

Political and public

Published between Nov 2011 and Jan 2013 (Richmond and El Monte) and Nov 2012 and Jan 2014 (Telluride) on soda tax initiatives

Nexis news database and online archives of news sources, Richmond, El Monte and Telluride

378

Signal (2018) [31]

New Zealand

No

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political and public

Key stakeholders (politicians, bureaucrats and consumer representativesb)

Purposive sample

22 (8b)

Tamir (2018) [32]

Israel

No

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political and public

Stakeholders (legislators, policy makers, regulators and public representativesb)

Purposive sample

39 (17b)

Lloyd-Williams (2014) [33]

Fourteen European countriesd

Yes in Denmark, Finland, France and Hungary

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political

National experts from 14 European countries (senior policy-makersb)

Purposive sample

71 (12b)

Purtle (2018) [34]

US

No

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political

Key informants closely involved with the SSBs tax policymaking process (city councilpersons, city agency officialsb)

Philadelphia

9 (6b)

Thow (2011) [35]

Four Pacific countriese

Yes

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Political

Stakeholders (politicians and policy makers from both health and financeb)

Snowball sample, Fiji, Samoa, Nauru and French Polynesia

Not reported

Chan (2009) [36]

China

No

Qualitative

Focus groups

Public

Eighth and ninth grade adolescents (13–15 years)

Purposive sample, Hong Kong

22

Francis (2017) [37]

Australia

No

Qualitative

Group interviews

Public

Young people (12–25 years)

Convenience sample of young people attending one youth group and two high schools, Perth

41

Giabbanelli (2016) [38]

US

Pre- and post-implementation period

Qualitative

Reader comments

Public

Comments on SSBs taxes in Berkeley and San Francisco in news reports published between 1 Jan 2014 and 31 Jan 2015

LexisNexis database, large U.S. daily newspapers and newspapers with significant readership in Berkeley or San Francisco, California

3864

Krukowski (2016) [39]

US

No

Qualitative

Focus groups

Public

Students in grades six through eight

Random sample from a middle school, Michigan

22

Ortega-Avila (2018) [40]

Mexico

Yes

Qualitative

Semi-structured interviews

Public

Adolescents (15–19 years)

Purposive sample recruited through participation in an earlier cross-sectional survey, north-west Mexico

29

Swift (2018) [41]

UK

No

Qualitative

Forum posts

Public

Forum posts that referred to the proposed Soft Drinks Industry Levy posted between 17 July 2015 and 31 Aug 2016

Top three UK online parenting forums

412

Thomas-Meyer (2017) [42]

UK

No

Qualitative

Reader comments

Public

To online articles published on 10 UK news websites with the most total unique visitors in Jan 2013

Popular online news websites

1645

Visram (2017) [43]

UK

No

Qualitative

Focus groups

Public

Pupils from year 6 (10–11 years) and year 9 (13–14 years)

Four schools in County Durham, northern England

37

Moretto (2014) [44]

Australia

No

Mixed-method

Citizens’ Jury

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Purposive sample of citizens randomly selected from the electoral roll, Queensland

13

Álvarez-Sánchez (2018) [45]

Mexico

Yes

Cross-sectional survey

Self-reported questionnaire administered face-to-face

Public

Adults (20–59 years)

Nationally representative sample of residents, the 2016 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey

6650

Barry (2013) [25]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (18–64 years)

Probability-based sample from the nationally representative GfK

1026

Brock (2017) [46]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults

Stratified probability sample randomly selected at household level from the 2014 Texas Lyceum Poll, Texas

575

Comans (2017) [47]

Australia

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Parents/caregivers of young children (3–7 years)

Subsample from the Environments for Health Living cohort study, South-East Queensland

563

Curry (2018) [48]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Representative random sample of residents, Kansas

2203

Donaldson (2015) [49]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Randomly selected representative sample of registered voters, Mid-Atlantic state

1000

Farrell (2018) [50]

Australia

No

Cross-sectional survey

Interview questionnaire administered face-to-face

Public

Children and adults (≥ 15 years)

Representative sample of residents, the 2014 South Australian Health Omnibus Survey, South-Australia

2732

Gollust (2014) [51]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (18–64 years)

Nationally representative sample recruited from a GfK panel

1319

Gollust (2017) [52]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Undergraduate students

Large university, Minnesota

494

Julia (2015) [18]

France

Yes

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Nationally representative stratified random subsample from the Nutrinet-Santé cohort study

1996

Morley (2012) [53]

Australia

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (18–64 years) who were the main grocery buyer for their household

Random sample

1521

Petrescu (2016) [54]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Sample recruited using Amazon Mechanical Turk

1082

Petrescu (2016) [54]

UK

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Sample recruited by Survey Sampling International

1093

Rivard (2012) [55]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Representative sample recruited by the Survey Research and Data Acquisition Resource

592

Roh (2016) [56]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Web participants recruited from Amazon.com’s Mechanical Turk

206

Roh (2016) [56]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Probability sample recruited from a Marketing Systems Group’s national panel

1000

Sainsbury (2018) [57]

Australia

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Nationally representative sample recruited by Online Research Unit

2011

Simon (2014) [58]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Random subsample from the 2011 Los Angeles Country Health Survey, Los Angeles

998

Swift (2018) [41]

UK

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Advertised on four popular parenting forums

184

Tabak (2013) [59]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Questionnaire administrated via phone

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Random sample, Mississippi

2800

Wolfson (2015) [60]

US

No

Cross-sectional survey

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (18–64 years)

Probability-based sample recruited using the GfK survey research panel, Policy Support Survey

408

Niederdeppe (2014) [61]

US

No

Pre-test post-test

Self-reported questionnaire (method of administration not reported)

Public

Adults (18–64 years)

Probability sample from the GfK panel

3118 (941c)

Scully (2017) [62]

Australia

No

Pre-test post-test

Online self-report questionnaire

Public

Adults (≥ 18 years)

Random sample of panel members from two non-probability based online panels

6000 (300c)

  1. a Political, any individuals involved in the decision-making process (e.g. policy-makers, politicians and informants from ministries); public, any individuals potentially affected by an SSBs tax (i.e. the public); b Participants representative of the population of interest; c Participants assigned to the control condition; d Fourteen European countries: Belgium, Czech Republic, England, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Ireland, Malta, Poland, Portugal and Slovenia; e Four Pacific countries: Fiji, Samoa, Nauru and French Polynesia