Fig. 2
Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for linear associations of physical activity energy expenditure predicted from self-report (PAEESR, per 5 kJ/day/kg increments) with fatal and non-fatal outcomes in UK Biobank. Event-rate per 100,000 person years. Adjusted for age (as timescale), sex, ethnicity, Townsend deprivation index (baseline hazard stratification), highest educational level, employment status, alcohol drinking status (baseline hazard stratification), smoking status, salt added to food, oily fish intake, fruit and vegetable intake, processed and red meat intake, body mass index, parental history of cancer, parental history of [heart disease, stroke, hypertension or diabetes], use of blood pressure medication, use of cholesterol lowering medication, doctor-diagnosed diabetes or treatment with insulin. COPD  chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD  cardiovascular disease; IHD  ischaemic heart disease. *COPD incidence likely only represents the most severe cases as only approximately 25% of COPD cases are picked up in Hospital Episode Statistics data, compared to national surveys [36]