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Table 4 An overview of how the psychometric findings align with our Food Parenting Practices conceptual framework and Vaughn and colleagues Content Map

From: Calibration of the food parenting practice (FPP) item bank: tools for improving the measurement of food parenting practices of parents of 5–12-year-old children

Vaughn and Colleagues

Content Map [6]

O’Connor and colleagues

Our conceptual Framework [17]

Food Parenting Practices Item Bank

Psychometric Analyses

Domain

Constructs

Domain

Constructs

Confirmatory Factor Analyses Constructs

Bi-Factor Item Analyses and Item Response Modeling Constructs

Autonomy support or promotion

Child involvement

Autonomy promotion

Child involvement

Child involvement

Child involvement

Encouragement

Encourage healthy eating

Encourage

Autonomy support

Praise

Nutrition education

Education / Reasoning

Education / reasoning

Reasoning

Negotiation

   

Coercive control

Restriction

Control

Restriction for weight

Restriction for weight

Restriction for weight

Using food to control negative emotions

Using food to control negative emotions

Using food to control negative emotions

Coercive control

Threats and bribes

Threats and bribes

Threats and bribes

Pressure to eat

Pressure to eat

Pressure to eat

 

Intrusive control

Intrusive control

Structure

Modeling

Structure

Modeling

Modeling

Nondirective support

 

Prompt to eat

Prompt to eat

Food preparation

Food preparation

Meal preparation

Provide healthy eating opportunities

 

Exposure to variety / selection

Exposure to variety / selection

Monitoring

Rules and limits

Rules and limits

Rules and limits

Rules and limits

Limited / guided choice

Redirection and negotiation

Redirection

Redirection

Meals and snack routines

Meal routines

Meal routines

Meal routines

Food accessibility

Food accessibility / availability

Covert control

Covert control

Food availability

Unstructured practices

Permissive feeding

Accommodate the child

Accommodate the child