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Table 2 Mean energy intake, bodyweight, physical activity, and hunger and fullness ratings by portion size condition (SD)

From: Reductions to main meal portion sizes reduce daily energy intake regardless of perceived normality of portion size: a 5 day cross-over laboratory experiment

 

‘Smaller than normal’

‘Small-normal’

‘Large-normal’

Total energy provided (kcal/d)

5074

5485

5897

Daily energy intake (kcal/d)

2238 (490)

2448 (584)

2543 (592)

Breakfast

441 (154)

441 (175)

429 (174)

Lunch (total)

653 (203)

695 (221)

768 (210)

 Portion

313 (13)

501 (56)

658 (97)

 Immediate additional intake

339 (196)

194 (190)

110 (140)

Dinner (total)

613 (162)

752 (181)

851 (214)

 Portion

338 (22)

486 (79)

628 (119)

 Immediate additional intake

275 (154)

266 (147)

223 (149)

Snack box

454 (229)

452 (239)

428 (218)

Out of study intake (self-reported)

78 (91)

108 (126)

68 (80)

Body weight (kg, Monday)

77.0 (10.8)

76.6 (10.9)

76.8 (10.9)

Body weight (Friday)

76.9 (11.0)

76.69 (10.6)

77.1 (11.0)

MVPA (mins/day)a

70.2 (44.0)

75.8 (42.0)

74.9 (51.6)

MVPA (mins/day) b

72.2 (8.0)

71.3 (3.8)

70.0 (3.9)

Discretionary LTPA (MET mins/week)

1024.5 (907.7)

1003.0 (985.1)

1207.5 (1046.8)

Hunger c

310.3 (104.8)

288.9 (104.0)

284.5 (112.8)

Fullness c

432.8 (84.8)

424.0 (79.7)

432.8 (97.2)

  1. All n = 30 except a complete cases, n = 20. b Estimated marginal means and SE from multiply-imputed datasets. c Area under curve of meal ratings across the day. MVPA = FitBit measured moderate to vigorous physical activity with MET ≥3. Discretionary LTPA = leisure time physical activity from self-report. Immediate additional intake refers to additional helpings of the portion size manipulated food consumed at lunch and dessert consumed at dinner