Table 2 Total effects of household/family characteristics on school characteristics and the moderating effects of proximity to school and adolescent’s gender (Step 1 of mediation analysis)

b (95% CI)

p

e^b (95% CI)

p

Highest educational attainment in the household

Main - total

0.06 (−0.01, 0.12)

0.082

1.05 (1.02, 1.09)

0.005

@ below-average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.10 (1.05,1.16)

< 0.001

@ average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.06 (1.02,1.10)

0.003

@ above-average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.02 (0.96,1.08)

0.479

Number of motor vehicles in the household

Main

0.14 (0.02,0.26)

0.027

0.97 (0.90,1.04)

0.369

@ below-average proximity of home to school

0.25 (0.10,0.40)

0.001

1.03 (0.94,1.12)

0.588

@ average proximity of home to school

0.11 (−0.01,0.23)

0.069

0.95 (0.88,1.03)

0.225

@ above-average proximity of home to school

−0.03 (− 0.21,0.15)

0.738

0.89 (0.79,1.00)

0.044

Number of children in the household

Main - total

0.05 (−0.06,0.16)

0.393

1.20 (1.12,1.28)

< 0.001

Neighbourhood self-selection related to PA

Main - total

0.07 (−0.04,0.18)

0.193

1.06 (0.99,1.13)

0.116

In boys

−0.04 (− 0.20,0.11)

0.595

0.97 (0.88,1.07)

0.561

In girls

0.17 (0.02,0.31)

0.023

1.13 (1.04,1.24)

0.007

Neighbourhood socio-economic status

Main - total

0.04 (−0.22,0.29)

0.777

1.12 (0.99,1.26)

0.079

Household income

Main - total

−0.02 (− 0.05,0.02)

0.437

1.00 (0. 97,1.02)

0.816

Parental rules for PA

Main - total

0.01 (−0.01,0.03)

0.311

1.04 (1.02,1.05)

< 0.001

Social support for PA from parents

Main - total

0.15 (0.06,0.25)

0.001

1.45 (1.37,1.54)

< 0.001

PA equipment at home / neighbourhood

Main - total

0.05 (0.01,0.08)

0.007

1.07 (1.05,1.09)

< 0.001

@ below-average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.10 (1.06,1.13)

< 0.001

@ average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.07 (1.05,1.09)

< 0.001

@ above-average proximity of home to school

N/A

N/A

1.05 (1.02,1.08)

0.002

Parental leisure-time PA^

Main - total

0.01 (−0.00,0.03)

0.133

1.02 (1.01,1.03)

< 0.001

In boys

N/A

N/A

1.04 (1.02,1.06)

< 0.001

In girls

N/A

N/A

1.01 (1.00,1.03)

0.021

Parental transportation PA^

Main - total

0.00 (−0.01,0.02)

0.726

1.01 (0.99,1.02)

0.274