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Table 4 Effects of household/family characteristics, school characteristics and adolescent’s characteristics on adolescent’s physical activity at school, and moderating effects of adolescent’s gender (Step 3 of mediation analysis)

From: Family, school and individual characteristics associated with adolescents’ physical activity at school in Hong Kong: the iHealt(H) study

Household / family characteristics

Effect

PA at school during school hours

PA at school after school hours

  

b (95% CI)

p

eb (95% CI)

p

Highest educational attainment in household

Main - direct

In boys

In girls

1.57 (−0.48,3.62)

3.55 (0.83, 6.26)

0.11 (−2.38,2.60)

0.134

0.010

0.931

1.08 (1.01,1.15)

N/A

N/A

0.027

N/A

N/A

No. of motor vehicles in household

Main - direct

4.08 (0.63,7.54)

0.021

1.11 (1.00,1.24)

0.054

In boys

8.08 (2.72,13.44)

0.003

N/A

N/A

In girls

1.79 (− 2.36,5.94)

0.398

N/A

N/A

No. of children in household

Main - direct

2.24 (−0.91,5.39)

0.164

1.09 (0.97,1.22)

0.164

Neighbourhood self-selection for PA

Main -direct

−1.76 (−4.83,1.31)

0.262

0.94 (0.84,1.04)

0.202

Neighbourhood socio-economic status

Main - direct

17.77 (9.27,26.27)

< 0.001

1.11 (0.91,1.37)

0.305

In boys

N/A

N/A

1.33 (1.02,1.74)

0.035

In girls

N/A

N/A

0.97 (0.76,1.23)

0.781

Household income

Main - direct

1.15 (0.06,2.24)

0.039

0.99 (0.96,1.03)

0.601

Parental rules for PA

Main - direct

0.41 (−0.23,1.05)

0.206

1.02 (1.00,1.04)

0.040

Social support for PA from parents

Main - direct

1.04 (−1.84,3.91)

0.479

1.05 (0.96,1.15)

0.308

 

In boys

3.86 (− 0.03,7.74)

0.052

N/A

N/A

 

In girls

−1.17 (−4.76,2.42)

0.523

N/A

N/A

PA equipment at home / neighbourhood

Main - direct

0.26 (−0.72,1.23)

0.607

1.05 (1.02,.1.09)

0.003

Parental leisure-time PA^

Main - direct

0.62 (0.12,1.12)

0.016

1.01 (1.00,1.03)

0.083

In boys

1.87 (0.93,2.81)

< 0.001

N/A

N/A

In girls

0.23 (− 0.35,0.81)

0.438

N/A

N/A

Parental transportation PA^

Main - direct

0.22 (−0.24,0.69)

0.351

1.01 (0.99,1.02)

0.377

In boys

0.80 (0.11,1.49)

0.023

N/A

N/A

In girls

−0.27 (− 0.89,0.35)

0.392

N/A

N/A

School Characteristics

 School PA-friendly index‡

Main - direct

2.76 (1.19,4.33)

< 0.001

1.14 (1.08,1.20)

< 0.001

 Social support from peers

Main - direct

2.82 (0.43,5.22)

0.021

1.13 (1.04,1.22)

0.003

Adolescent’s characteristics

 Attitude towards PA

Main - direct

11.13 (5.36,16.91)

< 0.001

2.05 (1.66,2.52)

< 0.001

 Enjoyment of PA

Main - direct

4.48 (2.21, 6.75)

< 0.001

1.56 (1.43,1.69)

< 0.001

 Athletic ability

Main - direct

5.04 (2.84,7.24)

< 0.001

1.78 (1.65,1.92)

< 0.001

  1. PA = physical activity; b = regression coefficient; CI = confidence interval; eb = exponentiated regression coefficient; N/A denotes ‘no significant interaction’
  2. ^ minutes converted to hours (by dividing by 60); ‡ consisting of items measuring PA equipment at school and school PA-friendly policy supporting after-school PA. These regression models were adjusted for confounders listed in Table S3
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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