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Table 3 Number of food products in the different categories by trial arm in the overall sample (N = 3382 participants overall)

From: The impact of the Nutri-Score front-of-pack nutrition label on purchasing intentions of unprocessed and processed foods: post-hoc analyses from three randomized controlled trials

Food category

Number of products

Nutri-Score vs no label

Nutri-Score vs Reference Intakes

Reference Intakes vs no label

No label

Reference Intakes

Nutri-Score

P-value

Relative difference

Difference [95%CI]

P-value

Relative difference

Difference [95%CI]

P-value

Relative difference

Difference [95%CI]

P-value

Fruits, vegetables, legumes and nuts

 Raw fruits

1.74 ± 2.24

1.68 ± 1.49

1.69 ± 1.61

0.8

−2.96%

−0.05 (− 0.22;0.13)

0.8

0.59%

0.01 (− 0.16;0.19)

1.0

−3.57%

−0.06 (− 0.24;0.11)

0.8

 Processed fruits

0.16 ± 0.52

0.21 ± 0.55

0.24 ± 0.58

0.003

33.33%

0.08 (0.03;0.13)

0.002

12.5%

0.03 (−0.02;0.09)

0.3

23.81%

0.05 (− 0.01;0.10)

0.1

 Ultra-processed fruits

0.17 ± 0.63

0.19 ± 0.51

0.16 ± 0.49

0.4

−6.25%

−0.01 (− 0.07;0.04)

0.8

−18.75%

− 0.03 (− 0.09;0.02)

0.3

10.53%

0.02 (− 0.04;0.07)

0.7

 Raw vegetables

2.52 ± 3.87

2.54 ± 2.39

1.48 ± 1.80

< 0.0001

−70.27%

−1.04 (− 1.31;-0.76)

< 0.0001

−71.62%

−1.06 (− 1.33;-0.79)

< 0.0001

0.79%

0.02 (− 0.25;0.30)

0.9

 Processed vegetables

0.63 ± 1.60

0.66 ± 1.09

0.55 ± 1.14

0.08

−14.55%

−0.08 (− 0.21;0.04)

0.2

−20%

− 0.11 (− 0.24;0.01)

0.08

4.55%

0.03 (− 0.10;0.16)

0.9

 Ultra-processed vegetables

0.56 ± 1.29

0.63 ± 1.13

0.46 ± 0.80

0.001

−21.74%

−0.10 (− 0.21;0.01)

0.07

−36.96%

− 0.17 (− 0.27;-0.06)

0.0007

11.11%

0.07 (− 0.04;0.17)

0.3

 Legumes

0.41 ± 0.86

0.46 ± 0.92

0.28 ± 0.70

< 0.0001

−46.43%

−0.13 (− 0.21;-0.05)

0.0007

−64.29%

− 0.19 (− 0.27;-0.11)

< 0.0001

10.87%

0.06 (− 0.02;0.14)

0.2

 Seeds and dried fruits

0.22 ± 0.62

0.22 ± 0.59

0.18 ± 0.71

0.2

−22.22%

− 0.04 (− 0.11;0.02)

0.3

− 22.22%

− 0.04 (− 0.10;0.02)

0.2

0%

0.00 (− 0.07;0.06)

1.0

 Starches

2.33 ± 2.57

2.53 ± 2.13

1.73 ± 1.97

< 0.0001

−34.68%

−0.60 (− 0.82;-0.38)

< 0.0001

−46.24%

−0.80 (−1.02;-0.59)

< 0.0001

7.91%

0.20 (− 0.02;0.42)

0.1

Milk products and eggs

3.00 ± 3.18

3.33 ± 3.53

2.41 ± 3.45

< 0.0001

−24.48%

−0.59 (− 0.93;-0.26)

< 0.0001

−38.17%

− 0.93 (−1.26;-0.60)

< 0.0001

9.91%

0.33 (0.00;0.66)

0.05

Cheeses

1.41 ± 2.38

1.30 ± 1.80

0.86 ± 1.46

< 0.0001

−63.95%

−0.55 (− 0.73;-0.36)

< 0.0001

−51.16%

− 0.43 (− 0.62;-0.25)

< 0.0001

−8.46%

− 0.11 (− 0.30;0.08)

0.4

Meat and fish

 Raw meat

1.60 ± 2.74

1.74 ± 2.58

1.53 ± 2.10

0.09

−4.58%

−0.07 (− 0.31;0.17)

0.8

−13.73%

− 0.21 (− 0.45;0.03)

0.08

8.05%

0.14 (− 0.10;0.38)

0.3

 Ultra-processed meat

1.05 ± 1.60

1.01 ± 1.46

0.87 ± 1.33

0.009

−20.69%

−0.18 (− 0.32;-0.03)

0.009

−16.09%

− 0.14 (− 0.28;0.00)

0.06

−3.96%

− 0.04 (− 0.18;0.11)

0.8

 Delicatessen

0.47 ± 0.98

0.47 ± 0.90

0.30 ± 0.70

< 0.0001

−56.67%

−0.17 (− 0.25;-0.08)

< 0.0001

−56.67%

−0.17 (− 0.25;-0.08)

< 0.0001

0%

0.00 (− 0.08;0.09)

1.0

 Raw fish

0.56 ± 1.34

0.52 ± 0.98

0.37 ± 0.87

< 0.0001

−51.35%

−0.19 (− 0.29;-0.08)

0.0001

−40.54%

− 0.15 (− 0.25;-0.05)

0.0008

−7.69%

− 0.04 (− 0.14;0.07)

0.9

 Processed fish

0.37 ± 0.85

0.32 ± 0.72

0.25 ± 0.62

0.0006

−48%

−0.12 (− 0.19;-0.05)

0.0004

−28%

− 0.07 (− 0.14;0.00)

0.04

−15.63%

−0.05 (− 0.12;0.02)

0.3

 Ultra-processed fish

0.38 ± 1.32

0.37 ± 0.85

0.26 ± 0.70

0.007

−46.15%

−0.12 (− 0.21;-0.02)

0.02

− 42.31%

− 0.11 (− 0.2;-0.01)

0.02

− 2.7%

−0.01 (− 0.11;0.09)

1.0

 Seafood products

0.08 ± 0.32

0.13 ± 0.43

0.09 ± 0.36

0.003

11.11%

0.01 (−0.03;0.05)

0.8

− 44.44%

− 0.04 (− 0.08;0.00)

0.02

38.46%

0.05 (0.01;0.09)

0.004

Sugary products

 Sweet biscuits

0.81 ± 1.41

0.95 ± 1.68

0.66 ± 1.34

< 0.0001

−22.73%

−0.15 (− 0.29;0.00)

0.04

−43.94%

− 0.28 (− 0.43;-0.14)

< 0.0001

14.74%

0.14 (0.00;0.28)

0.09

 Confectionery and spreads

1.23 ± 2.05

1.42 ± 2.07

0.93 ± 1.68

< 0.0001

−32.26%

− 0.3 (− 0.49;-0.11)

0.0006

−52.69%

− 0.49 (− 0.68;-0.31)

< 0.0001

13.38%

0.19 (0.00;0.38)

0.03

 Pie dough

0.22 ± 0.63

0.22 ± 0.65

0.13 ± 0.49

0.0002

−69.23%

−0.09 (− 0.15;-0.03)

0.001

− 69.23%

− 0.09 (− 0.15;-0.03)

0.0007

0%

0.00 (− 0.06;0.06)

1.0

 Cream desserts

0.36 ± 0.87

0.38 ± 0.89

0.34 ± 0.79

0.6

−5.88%

−0.01 (− 0.10;0.07)

0.9

−11.76%

− 0.04 (− 0.12;0.05)

0.5

5.26%

0.02 (− 0.06;0.10)

0.8

 Bread and pastries

1.01 ± 1.54

1.09 ± 1.50

0.75 ± 1.19

< 0.0001

−34.67%

−0.26 (− 0.4;-0.12)

< 0.0001

−45.33%

−0.34 (− 0.48;-0.20)

< 0.0001

7.34%

0.08 (− 0.06;0.22)

0.5

 Breakfast cereals

0.32 ± 0.79

0.38 ± 0.78

0.25 ± 0.60

0.0002

−28%

−0.06 (− 0.13;0.01)

0.07

−52%

− 0.13 (− 0.19;-0.06)

0.0001

15.79%

0.06 (− 0.01;0.13)

0.2

 Ice creams

0.20 ± 0.70

0.20 ± 0.58

0.15 ± 0.46

0.04

−33.33%

−0.05 (− 0.11;0.00)

0.08

− 33.33%

− 0.05 (− 0.11;0.00)

0.06

0%

0.00 (− 0.06;0.05)

1.0

Salty products

 Composite dishes, pizzas and sandwiches

0.74 ± 1.55

0.81 ± 1.72

0.64 ± 1.64

0.04

−15.63%

−0.10 (− 0.27;0.06)

0.2

−26.56%

− 0.17 (− 0.33;-0.01)

0.03

8.64%

0.07 (− 0.09;0.23)

0.7

 Savoury aperitif products

0.41 ± 1.01

0.48 ± 1.12

0.31 ± 0.90

0.0002

−32.26%

−0.10 (− 0.20;0.00)

0.06

−54.84%

− 0.17 (− 0.27;-0.07)

0.0001

14.58%

0.08 (− 0.02;0.17)

0.2

 Salades

0.02 ± 0.16

0.04 ± 0.31

0.03 ± 0.25

0.2

33.33%

0.01 (−0.02;0.03)

0.7

−33.33%

−0.01 (− 0.03;0.01)

0.6

50%

0.02 (−0.01;0.04)

0.2

 Soups

0.10 ± 0.43

0.11 ± 0.38

0.06 ± 0.29

0.0007

−66.67%

−0.05 (− 0.08;-0.01)

0.01

−83.33%

− 0.06 (− 0.09;-0.02)

0.001

9.09%

0.01 (− 0.03;0.05)

0.8

 Vegetable soups

0.19 ± 0.82

0.22 ± 0.58

0.15 ± 0.50

0.03

−26.67%

−0.05 (− 0.11;0.02)

0.2

−46.67%

− 0.07 (− 0.13;-0.01)

0.03

13.64%

0.02 (− 0.04;0.09)

0.7

Sauces and condiments

1.16 ± 2.03

1.21 ± 1.99

0.80 ± 1.57

< 0.0001

−45%

−0.36 (− 0.54;-0.18)

< 0.0001

−51.25%

− 0.41 (− 0.59;-0.23)

< 0.0001

4.13%

0.05 (− 0.13;0.23)

0.7

Fats and oils

0.90 ± 1.36

0.97 ± 1.16

0.73 ± 1.09

< 0.0001

−23.29%

−0.17 (− 0.29;-0.05)

0.003

−32.88%

− 0.24 (− 0.35;-0.13)

< 0.0001

7.22%

0.07 (− 0.04;0.19)

0.2

Beverages

 Waters

1.79 ± 3.30

1.84 ± 3.22

1.58 ± 3.13

0.1

−13.29%

−0.22 (− 0.54;0.10)

0.3

−16.46%

− 0.27 (− 0.58;0.05)

0.1

2.72%

0.05 (− 0.27;0.37)

0.9

 Fruits juices

0.65 ± 1.60

0.65 ± 1.17

0.58 ± 1.01

0.3

−12.07%

−0.08 (− 0.20;0.05)

0.3

− 12.07%

−0.07 (− 0.20;0.05)

0.4

0%

0.00 (− 0.13;0.12)

1.0

 Syrups and sweetened beverages

0.39 ± 1.17

0.46 ± 1.26

0.33 ± 0.90

0.03

−18.18%

−0.06 (− 0.17;0.05)

0.4

−39.39%

− 0.13 (− 0.24;-0.02)

0.02

15.22%

0.07 (− 0.04;0.18)

0.4

 Tea, hot chocolate and coffea

0.68 ± 0.98

0.87 ± 1.06

0.55 ± 0.95

< 0.0001

−23.64%

−0.13 (− 0.23;-0.04)

0.004

−58.18%

− 0.33 (− 0.42;-0.23)

< 0.0001

21.84%

0.19 (0.09;0.29)

< 0.0001