Table 2 Mean scores for outcome measures by group, with (un)standardized mean differences
Intervention group (46 schools, n = 7860) | Control group (47 schools, n = 8157) | Adjusted mean difference1 (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | Post | Baseline | Post | Unstandardized | Standardized2 | |
M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |||
20MSR | ||||||
Fitness, laps | 36.11 (20.75) | 41.36 (21.95) | 37.85 (20.65) | 42.37 (22.28) | 0.48 (−2.52, 3.48) | 0.02 (−0.11, 0.16) |
Reaction time task | ||||||
RT3, ms | 378.7 (86.65) | 378.58 (99.46) | 380.21 (89.7) | 376.07 (95.94) | 3.63 (−7.04, 14.3) | 0.04 (−0.07, 0.15) |
Relational memory task | ||||||
Accuracy, % | 59.75 (11.93) | 59.53 (13.05) | 59.76 (12.24) | 60.78 (13.08) | −1.37 (−3, 0.26) | −0.1 (−0.23, 0.02) |
Two-back task | ||||||
Accuracy, % | 54.43 (18.46) | 55.24 (20.9) | 53.4 (18.74) | 55.48 (20.99) | −0.96 (−3.38, 1.47) | −0.05 (−0.16, 0.07) |
RT3, ms | 857.67 (164.84) | 802.26 (175.03) | 844.17 (171.04) | 799.45 (174.9) | −4.25 (−23.09, 14.58) | −0.02 (−0.13, 0.08) |
Flanker task | ||||||
Accuracy congruent, % | 82.83 (17.14) | 84.21 (16.57) | 81.91 (16.81) | 84.55 (16.44) | −0.92 (−2.38, 0.53) | −0.06 (−0.14, 0.03) |
Accuracy incongruent, % | 60.22 (20.67) | 62.2 (20.33) | 60.02 (19.55) | 63.06 (19.65) | −1.05 (−2.86, 0.76) | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.04) |
RT3 congruent, ms | 490.26 (92.13) | 476.82 (84.22) | 490.35 (94.51) | 479.19 (81.26) | −2.49 (−10.37, 5.39) | −0.03 (−0.13, 0.07) |
RT3 incongruent, ms | 552.9 (127.12) | 537.89 (108.67) | 548.15 (126.16) | 541.25 (109.06) | −5.74 (−15.41, 3.93) | −0.05 (−0.14, 0.04) |
Colour-shape switching task | ||||||
Accuracy non-switch, % | 73.27 (17.21) | 75.18 (17.61) | 72.88 (17.25) | 75.61 (17.48) | −0.76 (−2.64, 1.12) | −0.04 (−0.15, 0.06) |
Accuracy switch, % | 69.51 (16.89) | 71.47 (17.65) | 69.36 (17.15) | 71.56 (17.59) | −0.32 (−2.16, 1.52) | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.09) |
RT3 non-switch, ms | 1075.67 (352.18) | 974.95 (320.46) | 1051.07 (337.52) | 970.87 (318.08) | −5.86 (−34.33, 22.61) | −0.02 (−0.11, 0.07) |
RT3 switch, ms | 1452.99 (602.23) | 1331.63 (562.05) | 1404.21 (569.5) | 1321.97 (544.16) | −13.18 (−66.27, 39.91) | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.07) |
Psychosocial problems | ||||||
Internalising score3 | 5.1 (3.56) | 5.47 (3.72) | 5.07 (3.49) | 5.25 (3.6) | 0.19 (−0.18, 0.57) | 0.05 (−0.05, 0.16) |
Externalising score3 | 6.34 (3.85) | 6.73 (3.78) | 6.29 (3.74) | 6.45 (3.8) | 0.24 (−0.13, 0.61) | 0.06 (−0.03, 0.16) |
Self-esteem | ||||||
Global | 4.39 (0.94) | 4.23 (1.03) | 4.43 (0.9) | 4.3 (0.97) | −0.05 (−0.22, 0.12) | −0.05 (−0.22, 0.12) |
Physical | 4.36 (1.31) | 4.07 (1.41) | 4.44 (1.27) | 4.14 (1.36) | −0.02 (−0.22, 0.19) | −0.01 (−0.16, 0.14) |