From: Identifying and predicting food parenting practice profiles among Canadian parents
Domain | Constructs | Description | n | Item Response Modeling Reliability | Mean | Median | SD | Skewness | Kurtosis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | Restriction for weight (4 items) | Parents keep a record of how much the child eats or talk to the child about losing weight. | 595 | 0.79 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 3.5 |
Coercive control (23 items) | Parents regulate children’s behaviours throughout the use of controlling and manipulative strategies. | 555 | 0.96 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 3.2 | |
Structure | Accommodate the child (5 items) | Parents allow their child to self-regulate their food intake without setting expectations. | 787 | 0.82 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 3.7 |
Covert control (4 items) | Parents restrict the availability and accessibility of sweet and salty treats at home. | 586 | 0.81 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 2.5 | |
Nondirective support (8 items) | Parents model healthy behaviours and suggest their children to eat healthy without forcing them. | 580 | 0.88 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 0.8 | −0.1 | 3.0 | |
Redirection (2 items) | Parents negotiate with their children to limit their consumption of unhealthy food. | 787 | 0.67 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 0.9 | −0.3 | 3.1 | |
Provide healthy eating opportunities (9 items) | Parents systematically provide exposure to healthy foods (e.g. vegetables) at home. | 592 | 0.87 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 0.7 | −0.6 | 3.9 | |
Meal routines (4 items) | Parents have set routines related to food at home. | 790 | 0.78 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0.8 | −0.7 | 3.1 | |
Rules and limits (9 items) | Parents have expectations about the quantity and quality of foods consumed by the child. | 769 | 0.88 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 0.7 | −0.5 | 3.3 | |
Autonomy promotion | Child involvement (4 items) | Child is involved in meal preparation and decision-making about food. | 790 | 0.87 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 3.0 |
Autonomy support (14 items) | Parents promote healthy eating behaviours through education and encouragement. | 567 | 0.93 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 0.8 | −0.1 | 3.1 |