Table 3 Methodological quality assessment for included studies
Study (Year, Country/Region) | Eligibility Criteria | Random Allocation | Concealed Allocation | Similar at Baseline | Subject Blinded | Therapist Blinded | Assessor Blinded | Dropout Rate | Intention-to-treat Analysis | Between-group Comparison | Points Measures | Total Score | Overall Study Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kang et al.a (2011, Korea) [77] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Chang et al.a (2012, Taiwan) [28] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Verret et al.a (2012, Canada) [69] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Gawrilow et al.a (2013, Germany) [75] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Pontifex et al. (2013, USA) [67] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Chang et al.a (2014, Taiwan) [72] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Choi et al.a (2015, Korea) [73] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Chuang et al. (2015, Taiwan) [74] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Piepmeier et al. (2015, USA) [66] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Ziereis & Jansena (2015, Germany) [71] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Bustamante et al.a (2016, USA) [70] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | High |
Hung et al. (2016, Taiwan) [76] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Memarmoghaddam et al.a (2016, Iran) [64] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | High |
Pan et al.a (2016, Taiwan) [34] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Lee et al.a (2017, Korea) [61] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Ludyga et al. (2017, Switzerland) [62] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Benzing et al.a (2018, Switzerland) [50] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Benzing & Schmidta (2019, Switzerland) [60] | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | High |
Pan et al.a (2019, Taiwan) [65] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Silva et al.a (2019, Brazil) [68] | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
Ludyga et al. (2020, Switzerland) [63] | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |