Table 2 Baseline and 6-month secondary outcome data and between-group comparison
mean ± SE | LiFE | gLiFE | Between-group difference (95% CI) gLiFE vs. LiFE | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PP | ITT | PP | ITT | PP | ITT | |
Mean steps/day | ||||||
Baseline | 5,880 ± 255 | 5,778 ± 250 | 5,530 ± 237 | 5,538 ± 234 | ||
Post | 6,266 ± 254 | 6,242 ± 257 | 6,797 ± 264 | 6,847 ± 257 | ||
Change | 386 ± 227 | 465 ± 257 | 1,266 ± 213 | 1,309 ± 225 | 880 (252; 1,509) p = .007 | 844 (176; 1,512) p = .015 |
LLFDI function | ||||||
Baseline | 57.4 ± 0.68 | 57.4 ± 0.64 | 57.4 ± 0.63 | 57.3 ± 0.64 | ||
Post | 58.9 ± 0.75 | 58.9 ± 0.76 | 59.1 ± 0.76 | 59.2 ± 0.77 | ||
Change | 1.5 ± 0.48 | 1.5 ± 0.55 | 1.7 ± 0.51 | 1.9 ± 0.57 | 0.18 (-1.23; 1.58) p = .807 | 0.31 (-1.33; 1.95) p = .710 |
LLFDI frequency | ||||||
Baseline | 49.5 ± 0.34 | 49.3 ± 0.33 | 49.8 ± 0.38 | 49.5 ± 0.35 | ||
Post | 50.3 ± 0.41 | 50.1 ± 0.40 | 50.2 ± 0.41 | 50.0 ± 0.42 | ||
Change | 0.8 ± 0.29 | 0.8 ± 0.30 | 0.4 ± 0.30 | 0.48 ± 0.34 | -0.47 (-1.32; 0.38) p = .279 | -0.29 (-1.25; 0.66) p = .546 |
LLFDI disability | ||||||
Baseline | 71.8 ± 1.03 | 71.7 ± 0.99 | 69.3 ± 0.94 | 69.6 ± 0.93 | ||
Post | 70.8 ± 1.01 | 70.8 ± 1.05 | 71.3 ± 1.14 | 71.2 ± 1.10 | ||
Change | -1.0 ± 1.05 | -0.9 ± 1.10 | 1.9 ± 1.04 | 1.5 ± 1.08 | 2.87 (-0.05; 5.79) p = .054 | 2.40 (-0.71; 5.50) p = .132 |
FESI | ||||||
Baseline | 10.4 ± 0.27 | 10.4 ± 0.25 | 10.3 ± 0.25 | 10.3 ± 0.24 | ||
Post | 9.7 ± 0.23 | 9.6 ± 0.23 | 9.4 ± 0.22 | 9.5 ± 0.22 | ||
Change | -0.8 ± 0.24 | -0.8 ± 0.24 | -0.9 ± 0.21 | -0.8 ± 0.22 | -0.14 (-0.76; 0.49) p = .669 | 0.00 (-0.62; 0.62) p = .996 |
ABC | ||||||
Baseline | 74.7 ± 1.48 | 75.0 ± 1.41 | 75.6 ± 1.36 | 75.5 ± 1.36 | ||
Post | 78.8 ± 1.25 | 79.1 ± 1.21 | 77.7 ± 1.31 | 77.0 ± 1.30 | ||
Change | 4.1 ± 1.16 | 4.1 ± 1.14 | 2.1 ± 1.27 | 1.5 ± 1.32 | -1.94 (-5.31; 1.43) p = .259 | -2.62 (-6.09; 0.84) p = .138 |
30 s chair rise | ||||||
Baseline | 9.1 ± 0.32 | 9.2 ± 0.31 | 9.0 ± 0.27 | 9.0 ± 0.27 | ||
Post | 9.6 ± 0.36 | 9.5 ± 0.34 | 10.0 ± 0.38 | 10.0 ± 0.40 | ||
Change | 0.49 ± 0.31 | 0.38 ± 0.30 | 1.10 ± 0.31 | 1.00 ± 0.34 | 0.56 (-0.26; 1.38) p = .180 | 0.63 (-0.25; 1.51) p = .164 |
8 level balance scale | ||||||
Baseline | 4.2 ± 0.13 | 4.2 ± 0.12 | 4.4 ± 0.12 | 4.4 ± 0.11 | ||
Post | 4.2 ± 0.13 | 4.2 ± 0.13 | 4.6 ± 0.14 | 4.6 ± 0.14 | ||
Change | 0.0 ± 0.12 | 0.0 ± 0.13 | 0.2 ± 0.14 | 0.25 ± 0.13 | 0.21 (-0.58; 0.15) p = .248 | 0.20 (-0.17; 0.58) p = .290 |
Gait speed normal | ||||||
Baseline | 1.04 ± 0.02 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | 1.05 ± 0.02 | 1.03 ± 0.02 | ||
Post | 1.07 ± 0.02 | 1.07 ± 0.02 | 1.07 ± 0.02 | 1.06 ± 0.02 | ||
Change | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | -0.01 (-0.05; 0.02) p = .458 | -0.01 (-0.05; 0.03) p = .651 |
Gait speed fast | ||||||
Baseline | 1.38 ± 0.02 | 1.37 ± 0.02 | 1.44 ± 0.03 | 1.43 ± 0.03 | ||
Post | 1.40 ± 0.03 | 1.39 ± 0.03 | 1.43 ± 0.03 | 1.41 ± 0.03 | ||
Change | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | -0.01 ± 0.02 | -0.02 ± 0.02 | -0.03 (-0.08; 0.02) p = .243 | -0.04 (-0.09; 0.02) p = .212 |