Table 2 Baseline sociodemographic, clinical and lifestyle characteristics of the study population by levels of adherence to Mediterranean diet (N = 1686)
Low adherence (n = 802) | Moderate adherence (n = 365) | High adherence (n = 519) | p-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age n(%) | ||||
< 78 years | 598 (74.6) | 289 (79.2) | 427 (82.3) | < 0.001 |
≥ 78 years | 204 (25.4) | 76 (20.8) | 92 (17.7) | |
Sex n(%) | ||||
Male | 326 (40.7) | 160 (43.8) | 228 (43.9) | 0.011 |
Female | 476 (59.4) | 205 (56.2) | 291 (56.1) | |
Education, n(%) | ||||
Elementary | 92 (11.5) | 26 (7.1) | 34 (6.6) | < 0.001 |
High school | 396 (49.4) | 177 (48.5) | 211 (40.7) | |
University | 314 (39.2) | 162 (44.4) | 274 (52.8) | |
Civil status, n(%) | ||||
Unmarried | 154 (19.2) | 45 (12.3) | 76 (14.7) | < 0.001 |
Married | 405 (50.5) | 214 (58.6) | 316 (61.1) | |
Divorced | 115 (14.3) | 59 (16.2) | 63 (12.2) | |
Widow | 128 (16.0) | 47 (12.9) | 62 (12.0) | |
Chronic diseases, median (IQR) | 3 (2;4) | 3 (2;4) | 3 (2;4) | < 0.001 |
Dietary supplements, n(%) | ||||
No | 596 (74.3) | 279 (76.4) | 387 (74.6) | 0.205 |
Yes | 206 (25.7) | 86 (23.6) | 132 (25.4) | |
Social support, n(%) | ||||
Low | 296 (36.9) | 115 (31.5) | 151 (29.1) | < 0.001 |
Moderate | 281 (35.0) | 117 (32.1) | 164 (31.6) | |
High | 225 (28.1) | 133 (36.4) | 204 (39.3) | |
Physical activity, n(%) | ||||
Inadequate | 150 (18.7) | 53 (14.5) | 60 (11.6) | < 0.001 |
Health enhancing | 442 (55.1) | 199 (54.5) | 267 (51.5) | |
Fitness enhancing | 210 (26.2) | 113 (30.9) | 192 (37.0) | |
Total energy intake (Kcal/day), median (IQR) | 1571.5 (1216.3;2013.8) | 1610.9 (1316.6;1943.9) | 1628.4 (1327.0;2008.1) | < 0.001 |