Hospitalization N = 547 | Intensive care N = 172 | Death N = 138 | P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
EstVO2max, L/min | 2.54 (0.03) | 2.57 (0.05) | 2.48 (0.07) | 0.511 |
EstVO2max, ml/min/kg | 31.1 (0.39) | 30.7 (0.69) | 28.6 (0.84) | 0.032 |
Very low, < 25 ml/min/kg | 97 (21%) | 37 (27%) | 32 (33%) | 0.035 |
Low, 25- < 32 ml/min/kg | 166 (36%) | 45 (33%) | 40 (42%) | |
Moderate, 32- < 46 ml/min/kg | 171 (38%) | 49 (36%) | 23 (24%) | |
High, ≥ 46 ml/min/kg | 22 (4.8%) | 5 (3.7%) | 1 (1.0%) | |
BMI, kg/m2 | 27.9 (0.21) | 29.2 (0.37) | 29.1 (0.42) | 0.002 |
Normal weight, < 25 kg/m2 | 129 (24%) | 27 (16%) | 30 (22%) | 0.034 |
Overweight, 25–29.9 kg/m2 | 252 (48%) | 69 (41%) | 63 (46%) | |
Obesity, 30–34.9 kg/m2 | 107 (20%) | 52 (31%) | 33 (24%) | |
Severe obesity ≥ 35 kg/m2 | 42 (7.9%) | 19 (11%) | 10 (7.4%) | |
Waist Circumference, cm | 97.0 (1.00) | 100.6 (1.64) | 99.7 (2.26) | 0.105 |
≥ 88 cm (W) ≥ 102 cm (M) | 71 (52%) | 30 (60%) | 17 (65%) | 0.36 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 130 (0.8) | 131 (1.4) | 133 (1.4) | 0.243 |
> 140 mmHg | 105 (26%) | 39 (31%) | 56 (46%) | |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80 (0.5) | 82 (0.9)a | 80 (1.0) | 0.109 |
> 90 mmHg | 88 (22%) | 38 (30%) | 23 (19%) | |
Previous chronic disease | ||||
Tumour | 64 (12%) | 20 (12%) | 40 (29%) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes | 27 (4.9%) | 13 (7.6%) | 30 (22%) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 93 (17%) | 30 (17%) | 57 (41%) | < 0.001 |
Lung disease | 36 (6.6%) | 11 (6.4%) | 20 (14%) | 0.006 |
Cardiovascular disease | 71 (13%) | 23 (13%) | 49 (36%) | < 0.001 |
Number of previous chronic diseases | ||||
0 | 371 (68%) | 111 (65%) | 47 (34%) | < 0.001 |
1 | 94 (17%) | 34 (20%) | 31 (22%) | |
2 | 54 (9.9%) | 20 (12%) | 27 (20%) | |
3 | 23 (4.2%) | 5 (2.9%) | 22 (16%) | |
4 | 5 (0.9%) | 2 (1.2%) | 10 (7.2%) | |
5 | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.7%) | |
Exercise habits | ||||
Never/irregular | 181 (36%) | 67 (43%) | 45 (36%) | 0.71 |
1–2 times/week | 157 (32%) | 49 (31%) | 48 (38%) | |
≥ 3 times/week | 159 (32%) | 41 (26%) | 32 (26%) | |
Commute type | ||||
Passive | 212 (63%) | 67 (59%) | 77 (65%) | 0.91 |
Low dose (< 20 min/day) | 78 (23%) | 30 (26%) | 23 (19%) | |
High dose (≥ 20 min/day) | 47 (14%) | 17 (15%) | 19 (16%) | |
Physical Work Situation | ||||
Mostly seated | 197 (55%) | 65 (54%) | 66 (59%) | 0.94 |
Light activity | 102 (28%) | 33 (27%) | 29 (26%) | |
Moderate/heavy activity | 61 (17%) | 23 (19%) | 16 (14%) | |
Diet habits, Very poor/poor | 23 (5.7%) | 10 (7.5%) | 9 (7.4%) | 0.91 |
Alcohol habits, Very poor/poor | 15 (4.5%) | 4 (3.5%) | 2 (1.7%) | 0.71 |
Daily smoker | 25 (6.2%) | 4 (3.0%) | 23 (19%) | < 0.001 |
Stress Overall, Very often/often | 56 (14%) | 17 (13%) | 11 (9.1%) | 0.71 |
Perceived Health, Very poor/poor | 31 (7.7%) | 11 (8.2%) | 12 (9.9%) | 0.91 |
Civil status, Married/co-habitat | 308 (56%) | 95 (55%) | 77 (56%) | 0.96 |
Country of birth, Sweden | 424 (78%) | 141 (82%) | 121 (88%) | 0.13 |
Educational level | ||||
University | 117 (22%) | 28 (16%) | 17 (12%) | 0.23 |
High school/Voc. Education | 335 (62%) | 112 (65%) | 88 (64%) | |
Elementary school | 91 (17%) | 32 (19%) | 33 (24%) | |
Occupation group | ||||
White collar High skilled | 260 (50%) | 71 (43%) | 65 (49%) | 0.71 |
White collar Low skilled | 100 (19%) | 36 (22%) | 33 (25%) | |
Blue collar High skilled | 80 (16%) | 24 (15%) | 20 (15%) | |
Blue collar Low skilled | 76 (15%) | 33 (20%) | 15 (11%) | |
Income, thousands Swedish crowns | 380 (11) | 382 (20) | 356 (23) | 0.62 |