Association between cardiac autonomic function and physical activity in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death: a cohort study

Table 2 Predictive values of PA for long-term mortality

	Univariable Cox regression model		Multivariable Cox regression model 1		Multivariable Cox regression model 2
	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Primary endpoint: cardiac death
Per 1%/increase^a	0.904 (0.858–0.952)	P < 0.001	0.887 (0.834–0.944)	P < 0.001	0.897 (0.844–0.954)	P = 0.001
≥11.0% group vs < 11.0% group	0.280 (0.154–0.509)	P < 0.001	0.239 (0.124–0.460)	P < 0.001	0.273 (0.142–0.526)	P < 0.001
Secondary endpoint: all-cause mortality
Per 1%/increase^a	0.886 (0.848–0.926)	P < 0.001	0.880 (0.836–0.926)	P < 0.001	0.888 (0.844–0.933)	P < 0.001
≥11.0% group vs < 11.0% group	0.276 (0.170–0.449)	P < 0.001	0.277 (0.163–0.469)	P < 0.001	0.299 (0.177–0.505)	P < 0.001

Multivariable Cox regression model 1 was adjusted for age at implantation, sex, BMI, LVEF, LVEDD, ICD or CRT-D implantation, NYHA Class, hypertension, DM, stroke, DCM, ICM, MI, PCI, pre-implant syncope, prior AF, use of ACEIs/ARBs, use of diuretics, and use of aldosterone antagonists. Multivariate Cox regression model 2 was adjusted for the above-mentioned confounders and additional HRV
ACEIs/ARBs angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, AF atrial fibrillation, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CRT-D cardiac resynchronisation therapy defibrillator, DM diabetic mellitus, HRV heart rate variability, HR hazard ratio, ICD implantable cardioverter defibrillator, ICM ischaemic cardiomyopathy, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, MI myocardial infarction, NYHA New York Heart Association, PA physical activity, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention
^a each additional 1% increase in PA

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