The effects of grazing on daily caloric intake and dietary quality

Table 6 Coefficients and standard errors from first difference regressions of total daily calorie intake on grazing and other intake characteristics, with different exclusion thresholds

	(1)		(2)		(3)
	Total daily caloric intake no restrictions		Total daily caloric intake 50 cal threshold		Total daily caloric intake 200 cal threshold
	Coefficient	SE	Coefficient	SE	Coefficient	SE
Grazing	210.20***	8.953	225.39***	8.361	356.70***	8.187
Day 2	−41.67***	3.403	−39.58***	3.397	−36.39***	3.597
Weekend	42.40***	4.670	43.01***	4.667	50.43***	4.951
Average calorie per eating occasion	3.05***	0.013	2.83***	0.012	2.03***	0.011
Average time between eating occasions	−3.29***	0.038	− 2.92***	0.036	− 1.63***	0.027
Ratio of FAFH eating occasions	0.22**	0.086	0.20**	0.086	0.58***	0.092
Time between first and last eating occasion	1.93***	0.019	1.95***	0.019	2.19***	0.018
Constant	−200.74***	14.453	− 192.93***	13.361	−250.39***	12.077
Observations	27,778		27,764		27,476
R2	0.71		0.71		0.67

Notes: FAFH, food-away-from-home. *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1. Standard errors account for complex sampling design. NHANES dietary intake day 2 weights (wtdr2d) were used to compute nationally representative estimates. Coefficients and standard errors are estimated from first difference regressions (fixed effect model)
Source: Authors’ calculations using data from the 2007-18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)