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Table 3 Hazard ratios for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality

From: Healthy lifestyle behaviours and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among 0.9 million Chinese adults

 

All-cause mortality

Cardiovascular mortality

 

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

Model 1: no adjustment

Number of healthy lifestyle behaviours (reference = 0)

 1

1.02 (0.89, 1.18)

0.766

1.13 (0.89, 1.44)

0.321

 2

0.68 (0.60, 0.78)

< 0.001

0.80 (0.63, 1.01)

0.063

 3

0.56 (0.49, 0.64)

< 0.001

0.68 (0.53, 0.86)

0.002

 4

0.47 (0.39, 0.57)

< 0.001

0.53 (0.38, 0.74)

< 0.001

Non-smoking

0.61 (0.58, 0.64)

< 0.001

0.66 (0.61, 0.71)

< 0.001

None or moderate alcohol use

0.88 (0.79, 0.98)

0.019

0.98 (0.82, 1.18)

0.855

Sufficient LTPA

0.84 (0.80, 0.88)

< 0.001

0.84 (0.77, 0.91)

< 0.001

Healthy diet

0.81 (0.75, 0.87)

< 0.001

0.83 (0.74, 0.94)

0.002

Model 2: adjusted for age and gender

Number of healthy lifestyle behaviours (reference = 0)

 1

0.98 (0.85, 1.13)

0.776

1.07 (0.83, 1.36)

0.612

 2

0.87 (0.76, 1.00)

0.051

0.94 (0.74, 1.20)

0.619

 3

0.66 (0.57, 0.76)

< 0.001

0.72 (0.56, 0.93)

0.011

 4

0.52 (0.43, 0.64)

< 0.001

0.53 (0.38, 0.74)

< 0.001

Non-smoking

0.84 (0.80, 0.89)

< 0.001

0.85 (0.78, 0.93)

< 0.001

None or moderate alcohol use

1.07 (0.96, 1.19)

0.214

1.13 (0.94, 1.35)

0.184

Sufficient LTPA

0.72 (0.69, 0.76)

< 0.001

0.71 (0.65, 0.77)

< 0.001

Healthy diet

0.82 (0.76, 0.88)

< 0.001

0.84 (0.75, 0.94)

0.003

Model 3: multivariable adjusted model

Number of healthy lifestyle behaviours (reference = 0)

 1

0.94 (0.81, 1.09)

0.445

0.97 (0.75, 1.26)

0.842

 2

0.89 (0.77, 1.03)

0.111

0.91 (0.70, 1.17)

0.452

 3

0.74 (0.63, 0.86)

< 0.001

0.75 (0.58, 0.98)

0.035

 4

0.64 (0.52, 0.79)

< 0.001

0.53 (0.37, 0.76)

0.001

Non-smoking

0.88 (0.83, 0.93)

< 0.001

0.90 (0.82, 0.99)

0.024

None or moderate alcohol use

1.08 (0.97, 1.21)

0.156

1.05 (0.87, 1.27)

0.587

Sufficient LTPA

0.82 (0.78, 0.87)

< 0.001

0.77 (0.71, 0.85)

< 0.001

Healthy diet

0.90 (0.83, 0.97)

0.008

0.89 (0.78, 1.01)

0.070

  1. Model 3: adjusted for gender, age, occupation, education, household income, marriage, social medical insurance, urbanicity, region, and county level per capital gross domestic product (GDP)