Table 1 Description of reviewed studies
From: Exploring activity compensation amongst youth and adults: a systematic review
Author(s)/Study date | Country | Study Design | Age group | Compensatory Aim | Study Classification | Population Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bagget et al. [20] | USA | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 3440 girls (2005), 3467 girls (2006) (6916 girls total) Mean age:14 years |
Carlson et al. [33] | USA | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 528 adolescents Mean age: 14.12 years |
Clemes et al. [62] | UK | Cross-sectional | Adult | Secondary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 72 full-time office workers Mean age: 37 years |
Clemes et al. [34] | UK | Cross-sectional | Adult | Secondary | Quantitative | Sample: 170 office workers Mean age: 40.1 years |
Costigan et al. [63] | Australia | RCT | Youth | Secondary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 65 adolescents, 3 PE lessons, grades 9–10 (1 secondary school) Mean age: 15.8 years |
Cull et al. [35] | USA | RCT | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 16 healthy adults who met recommended PA guidelines weekly ≥150 MVPA per week, 2 cohorts (n = 8 and n = 8) Mean age: Control: 21.6 years Intervention: 22.4 years |
Dale et al. [36] | USA | Experimental (crossover) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 78 children, Years 3–4, private elementary school Mean age: 9.3 years |
DiBlasio et al. [37] | Italy | Experimental (pre-post) | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 41 postmenopausal women enrolled in study Mean age: 55.9 years |
Fremeaux et al. [64] | UK | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 215 children, aged 8–10; 3 primary schools Mean age: Not reported |
Gomersall et al. [38] | Australia | RCT | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 129 previously inactive adults Sample size by group: Control: (n = 43) Moderate: (n = 43) Extensive: (n = 43) Mean age: 41 years |
Goodman et al. [65] | UK | Cross-sectional | Youth | Secondary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: Combo of 2 samples, 11 schools, 345 children Sample 1: 194 children Years 6–8 (aged 10–13) Sample 2: 151 children Years 4–6 (aged 8–11) |
Gray et al. [74] | UK | Qualitative | Adult | Primary | Qualitative (interviews) | Sample: 9 of 14 ‘compensators’ identified from previous study Mean age: 58.56 years |
Jakubec et al. [39] | Czech Republic | Cross-sectional (time series) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 2702 students, 959 full inclusion Mean age: Boys: 16.6 years Girls: 16.5 years |
Jans et al. [66] | Netherlands | Cross-sectional | Adult | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 7724 Dutch workers Mean age: 39 years |
Liguori et al. [40] | USA | Cross-sectional | Adult | Secondary | Quantitative | Sample: 84 college students (33 cadets, 51 non cadets) Mean age: 20.26 years |
Long et al. [41] | USA | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 2548 participants Mean age of participants: boys aged 6–11: 9.1 years boys aged 12–19: 14.7 years girls aged 6–11: 9.2 years girls aged 12–19: 15.0 years |
Mackintosh et al. [42] | UK | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 25 healthy age and sex matched controls Mean age: 11.7 years |
Massie et al. [43] | UK | Controlled trial (non-randomised) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 31 girls from 2 secondary schools exercise: 15 girls control: 16 girls Mean age: not reported, 12–15 years |
Matthews-Ewald et al. [44] | USA | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 268 9th and 10th grade students Mean age: not reported |
Matthews et al. [67] | USA | Cross-sectional | Adult | Unspecified | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 1020 adults Mean age: 63.1 years |
McCormack et al. [68] | Australia | Cross-sectional | Adult | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 1803 adults, top tier and bottom tier of social advantage Mean age: not reported, 26% 18–29, 29% 30–39, 27% 40–49, 18% 50–59 |
McLaughlin et al. [45] | UK | Experimental (crossover) | Adult | Unspecified | Quantitative | Sample: 16 adults Mean age: Males: 23 years Females: 24 years |
Meijer et al. [46] | Netherlands | Controlled trial (non- randomised) | Adult | Unspecified | Quantitative | Sample: 22 participants (15 exercise group, 7 control group) Mean age by group: Exercise: 58.9 years Control: 57.4 years |
Morgan et al. [47] | USA | Cross-sectional (time-series) | Youth | Secondary | Quantitative | Sample: 485 6th graders Mean age: not reported |
Nooijen et al. [69] | Sweden | Longitudinal | Adult | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 12,969 adults Mean age: 45 years |
O’Sullivan et al. [48] | USA | Experimental (randomised crossover) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 33 children Mean age: 8.7 years |
Penning et al. [49] | Australia | Experimental (randomised crossover) | Youth | Unspecified | Quantitative | Sample: 18 adolescents Mean age: 13.5 years |
Radtke et al. [73] | Switzerland | Cross-sectional | Adult | Primarya | Behavioural | Population: 135 adults Mean age: 32.23 years |
Ridgers et al. [50] | Australia | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 127 children Mean age by group: ActiGraph sample: 10.4 years Sensewear sample: 10.5 years |
Ridgers et al. [51] | Australia | Experimental (randomised experiment) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 158 children (accelerometry, survey, and log book), 149/158 to wear additional SenseWear Mean age: 11.3 years |
Ridgers et al. [52] | Australia | Cross-sectional (time-series) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 235 children, 9 primary schools, Years 4–5, from PHASE study Mean age: 10.1 years |
Ridgers et al. [21] | Australia | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 248 children, 9 primary schools, Years 4–5, PHASE study Mean age: 10 years |
Rocha et al. [54] | UK | Experimental (randomised crossover) | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 20 adults Mean age by group: Active group: 22.6 years Inactive group: 22.3 years |
Rocha et al. [53] | UK | Experimental (randomised crossover) | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 30 participants Mean age by group: Active group: 22.5 years Inactive group: 23.8 years |
Saunders et al. [55] | Canada | Experimental (randomised crossover) | Youth | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 20 healthy children and youth Mean age: Males: 12.8 years Female: 11.3 years |
Schubert et al. [56] | USA | Intervention | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 24 adults Mean age: 29.5 years |
Schutz et al. [57] | Switzerland | Experimental (randomised experiment) | Adult | Secondary | Quantitative | Sample: 55 normal-weight and overweight women Mean age: 27 years |
Siddique et al. [70] | USA | RCT | Adult | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 204 adults Mean age: 33 years |
Stylianou et al. [58] | USA | Experimental (crossover) | Youth | Secondary | Quantitative | Sample: 49 primary school children, Years 3–4, 2 schools Mean age: not reported |
Tanaka et al. [71] | Japan | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: 426 primary school children Mean age: 9.3 years |
Tigbe et al. [58] | UK | Cross-sectional | Adult | Primary | Quantitative | Sample: 112 participants Mean age by group: Delivery staff: 38 years Office staff: 40 years |
Turner et al. [60] | UK | RCT | Adult | Unspecified | Quantitative | Sample: 41 participants Mean age: 54 years |
Vandelanotte et al. [61] | Australia | Cross-sectional | Adult | Unspecified | Quantitative | Sample: 1194 shift workers Mean age: 45.3 years |
Wilkin et al. [72] | UK | Cross-sectional | Youth | Primary | Quantitative/Behavioural | Sample: Group 1: 307 school children (from 53 primary schools) Group 2: 215 ‘older’ children from 3 schools Group 3: 72 children randomly selected from Glasgow Mean age by group: Group 1: tested at 4.9 years & 5.9 years Group 2: 9 years old Group 3: 5.8 years old |