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Table 2 Socio-demographic characteristics of the OViN respondents by quintiles of neighbourhood walkability. Categorical data were presented by count (percentage) and continuous data presented as mean (SD) or median [IQR]

From: Development of an objectively measured walkability index for the Netherlands

Quintiles of walkability

1 (lowest)

2

3

4

5 (highest)

Overall

Number of respondents

3120

3203

3238

3275

3219

16,055

Female

1616 (51.8%)

1687 (52.7%)

1697 (52.4%)

1721 (52.5%)

1706 (53.0%)

8427 (52.5%)

Age group

 18–35

944 (30.3%)

933 (29.1%)

938 (29.0%)

1048 (32.0%)

1345 (41.8%)

5208 (32.4%)

 36–49

905 (29.0%)

1001 (31.3%)

1027 (31.7%)

1070 (32.7%)

940 (29.2%)

4943 (30.8%)

 50–65

1271 (40.7%)

1269 (39.6%)

1273 (39.3%)

1157 (35.3%)

934 (29.0%)

5904 (36.8%)

Ethnic background

 Native Dutch

2909 (93.2%)

2818 (88.0%)

2716 (83.9%)

2564 (78.3%)

2314 (71.9%)

13,321 (83.0%)

 Other Western

154 (4.9%)

234 (7.3%)

292 (9.0%)

306 (9.3%)

359 (11.2%)

1345 (8.4%)

 Non-Western

57 (1.8%)

151 (4.7%)

230 (7.1%)

405 (12.4%)

546 (17.0%)

1389 (8.7%)

Highest education obtained

 Low

86 (2.8%)

64 (2.0%)

112 (3.5%)

117 (3.6%)

129 (4.0%)

508 (3.2%)

 Medium

1940 (62.2%)

1942 (60.6%)

1813 (56.0%)

1853 (56.6%)

1508 (46.8%)

9056 (56.4%)

 High

1094 (35.1%)

1197 (37.4%)

1313 (40.5%)

1305 (39.8%)

1582 (49.1%)

6491 (40.4%)

Work status

 Work part-time

727 (23.3%)

818 (25.5%)

672 (20.8%)

670 (20.5%)

534 (16.6%)

3421 (21.3%)

 Work fulltime

1697 (54.4%)

1695 (52.9%)

1795 (55.4%)

1805 (55.1%)

1813 (56.3%)

8805 (54.8%)

 Student

213 (6.8%)

192 (6.0%)

247 (7.6%)

274 (8.4%)

332 (10.3%)

1258 (7.8%)

 Not working

483 (15.5%)

498 (15.5%)

524 (16.2%)

526 (16.1%)

540 (16.8%)

2571 (16.0%)

Standardized household income

 Low

365 (11.7%)

461 (14.4%)

540 (16.7%)

657 (20.1%)

856 (26.6%)

2879 (17.9%)

 Medium

992 (31.8%)

1051 (32.8%)

1009 (31.2%)

1056 (32.2%)

939 (29.2%)

5047 (31.4%)

 High

1763 (56.5%)

1691 (52.8%)

1689 (52.2%)

1562 (47.7%)

1424 (44.2%)

8129 (50.6%)

Household car ownership

 No car

89 (2.9%)

159 (5.0%)

311 (9.6%)

405 (12.4%)

927 (28.8%)

1891 (11.8%)

 One car

1063 (34.1%)

1401 (43.7%)

1524 (47.1%)

1701 (51.9%)

1607 (49.9%)

7296 (45.4%)

 Two or more cars

1968 (63.1%)

1643 (51.3%)

1403 (43.3%)

1169 (35.7%)

685 (21.3%)

6868 (42.8%)

Household situation

 Single-person household

278 (8.9%)

390 (12.2%)

477 (14.7%)

552 (16.9%)

906 (28.1%)

2603 (16.2%)

 Couple without children

914 (29.3%)

860 (26.8%)

821 (25.4%)

819 (25.0%)

824 (25.6%)

4238 (26.4%)

 Couple with children

1760 (56.4%)

1701 (53.1%)

1656 (51.1%)

1580 (48.2%)

1100 (34.2%)

7797 (48.6%)

 Single parent with children

136 (4.4%)

225 (7.0%)

245 (7.6%)

258 (7.9%)

232 (7.2%)

1096 (6.8%)

 Other compositions

32 (1.0%)

27 (0.8%)

39 (1.2%)

66 (2.0%)

157 (4.9%)

321 (2.0%)

Season

 Spring

846 (27.1%)

845 (26.4%)

824 (25.4%)

825 (25.2%)

835 (25.9%)

4175 (26.0%)

 Summer

906 (29.0%)

914 (28.5%)

945 (29.2%)

927 (28.3%)

860 (26.7%)

4552 (28.4%)

 Autumn

692 (22.2%)

712 (22.2%)

729 (22.5%)

734 (22.4%)

733 (22.8%)

3600 (22.4%)

 Winter

676 (21.7%)

732 (22.9%)

740 (22.9%)

789 (24.1%)

791 (24.6%)

3728 (23.2%)

Urbanization degree

 > 2500 addresses/km2

63 (2.0%)

224 (7.0%)

387 (12.0%)

980 (29.9%)

2050 (63.7%)

3704 (23.1%)

 1000–2500

952 (30.5%)

1514 (47.3%)

2171 (67.0%)

2025 (61.8%)

1079 (33.5%)

7741 (48.2%)

 < 1000

2105 (67.5%)

1465 (45.7%)

680 (21.0%)

270 (8.2%)

90 (2.8%)

4610 (28.7%)

 Day of the week: Weekend

805 (25.8%)

818 (25.5%)

832 (25.7%)

841 (25.7%)

850 (26.4%)

4146 (25.8%)

Response type

 Internet

1220 (39.1%)

1249 (39.0%)

1202 (37.1%)

1242 (37.9%)

1192 (37.0%)

6105 (38.0%)

 Telephone

1164 (37.3%)

1129 (35.2%)

1132 (35.0%)

1051 (32.1%)

836 (26.0%)

5312 (33.1%)

 Face-to-face

736 (23.6%)

825 (25.8%)

904 (27.9%)

982 (30.0%)

1191 (37.0%)

4638 (28.9%)

Respondents also bike on the same day

 Yes

599 (19.2%)

786 (24.5%)

825 (25.5%)

866 (26.4%)

1016 (31.6%)

4092 (25.5%)

Neighbourhood socioeconomic status score

 Mean (SD)

0.126 (0.864)

0.0447 (1.03)

0.0435 (1.13)

−0.151 (1.24)

−0.283 (1.31)

−0.0453 (1.14)

 Median [IQR]

0.180 [0.950]

0.100 [1.27]

0.160 [1.46]

0.0600 [1.65]

−0.190 [1.69]

0.0900 [1.38]

Total time spent walking, minutes per day

 Mean (SD)

6.04 (20.3)

7.81 (21.2)

8.49 (22.5)

8.93 (23.4)

12.2 (33.2)

8.72 (24.6)

 Median [IQR]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [7.00]

0 [13.0]

0 [4.00]

Total distance walked, meters per day

 Mean (SD)

543 (1830)

690 (1910)

709 (1910)

795 (2020)

975 (2280)

744 (2000)

 Median [IQR]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [500]

0 [1000]

0 [400]

Discretionary walk time (minutes) per day

 Mean (SD)

5.07 (19.4)

6.44 (20.3)

7.04 (21.4)

6.90 (22.1)

8.78 (25.9)

6.86 (22.0)

 Median [IQR]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [5.00]

0 [0]

Non-discretionary walk time (minutes) per day

 Mean (SD)

0.969 (5.92)

1.37 (6.65)

1.45 (7.23)

2.03 (8.52)

3.45 (21.5)

1.86 (11.6)

 Median [IQR]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]

0 [0]