Table 1 Baseline characteristics of women randomised to the 3 study groups in a randomised trial of the Body Balance Beyond eHealth intervention for women with recent GDM (n = 76)

Age (years) mean(SD)

36.0 ± 5.4

34.6 ± 5.3

37.3 ± 4.2

 Australia

18 (72)

19 (83)

20(71)

 School/Higher School

Certificate

2 (8)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 Certificate/diploma/

trade

7 (28)

6 (26)

10(36)

 University degree

16 (64)

17 (74)

18 (64)

 Aboriginal

1 (4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 Torres Strait Islander

0 (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

 Married/De-facto

24 (96)

22 (96)

25 (89)

 Separated/divorced

1 (4)

1(4)

1 (4)

 Never married

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (7)

 Difficult all/Some of

the time

11 (44)

14 (61)

12 (43)

 Not too bad/Easy

14 (56)

9 (39)

16 (57)

 Non-smoker

25 (100)

21 (91)

27 (96)

 Current smoker

0 (0)

2 (9)

1 (4)

 Parity Mean (SD)

2.2 ± 1.0

2.2 ± 1.1

1.9 ± 0.8

 Months since first GDM diagnosis Mean (SD)

56.8 ± 38.4

40.6 ± 19.7

39.3 ± 21.1

 Yes

10 (40)

4 (17)

4 (14)

 No

5 (20)

4 (17)

4 (14)

 Not applicable (no subsequent pregnancies since being diagnosed)

10 (40)

15 (65)

20 (71)

 Diet

25 (100)

19 (83)

24 (86)

 Exercise

13 (52)

12 (52)

13 (46)

 Tablets

5 (20)

2 (9)

5 (18)

 Insulin

9 (36)

12(52)

11 (39)

 High blood pressure

2 (8)

4 (17)

6 (21)

 High cholesterol

1 (4)

2 (9)

1 (4)

 Preeclampsia

1(4)

5 (22)

4 (14)

 PCOS

5 (20)

5 (22)

2 (7)

 Impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose

2 (8)

2 (9)

4 (14)

 High free thyroid hormone levels (hyperthyroidism)

1 (4)

1(4)

2 (7)

 Low free thyroid hormone levels (hypothyroidism)

4 (16)

2 (9)

3 (11)

 Height (m)

1.6 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

1.7 ± 0.1

 Weight (kg)

82.3 ± 12.3

89.8 ± 14.6

84.0 ± 19.4

 BMI (kg/m²)

30.7 ± 4.3

32.8 ± 5.1

30.0 ± 4.8

 Overweight (≥ 25 to ≤

30kg/m²)

14 (56)

8 (35)

16(57)

 Obese (>30 kg/m²)

11 (44)

15 (65)

12 (43)

 ARFS total score

34.1 ± 9.2

32.4 ± 11.8

35.3 ± 9.5

 ARFS vegetables

12.4 ± 5.0

12.7 ± 5.4

13.9 ± 4.5

 ARFS fruits

5.8 ± 3.0

4.1 ± 8.4

5.6 ± 3.1

 ARFS meat

3.0 ± 1.6

2.3 ± 1.0

2.1 ± 1.2

 ARFS protein alternatives^a

2.2 ± 1.5

2.6 ± 2.1

2.1 ± 1.4

 ARFS grains

5.6 ± 2.0

5.5 ± 2.6

5.8 ± 1.9

 ARFS dairy

3.3 ± 1.7

3.1 ± 1.9

4.1 ± 1.8

 ARFS water

0.6 ± 0.5

0.9 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 0.5

 ARFS extras^b

1.2 ± 0.9

1.1 ± 0.8

1.0 ± 0.7

 % energy – five core food groups^c

63.6 ± 11.2

57.6 ± 12.2

58.9 ± 13.4

 % energy – non-core foods^d

36.4 ±11.3

42.4 ± 12.2

41.4 ± 13.4

 MVPA (minutes/week)

95.5 ± 140.4

91.4 ± 91.2

80.5 ± 84.6

 WEL-SF total score

40.9 ± 15.0

38.4 ± 15.7

40.8 ± 15.9

 Ex-SE total score

42.0 ± 14.7

44.2 ± 14.5

40.4 ± 19.8

 TFEQ-R18 Cognitive restraint score

18.0 ± 1.8

16.6 ± 1.8

18.0 ± 2.6

 TFEQ-R18 Uncontrolled eating

23.2 ± 3.9

24.8 ± 4.2

23.7 ± 3.2

 TFEQ-R18 Emotional eating

7.0 ± 2.5

7.5 ± 2.0

7.4 ± 2.4

 AQoL-6D utility (global) score

0.83 ± 0.13

0.73 ± 0.18

0.75 ± 0.13

 AQoL-6D independent living score

0.93 ± 0.15

0.93 ± 0.15

0.98 ± 0.031

 AQoL-6D relationships score

0.80 ± 0.24

0.80 ± 0.24

0.83 ± 0.18

 AQoL-6D mental health score

0.48 ± 0.28

0.48 ± 0.28

0.53 ± 0.24

 AQoL-6D coping score

0.65 ± 0.28

0.65 ± 0.28

0.53 ± 0.22

 AQoL-6D pain score

0.77 ± 0.26

0.77 ± 0.26

0.75 ± 0.24

 AQoL-6D senses score

0.96 ± 0.07

0.96 ± 0.07

0.95 ± 0.10