Study ID | Study Design | Sample size | Risk of bias | MVPA | Sedentary time |
---|
Copeland 2016 [17] | Cross-sectional | 388 | High | ■ | – |
Dowda 2009a [26] | Cross-sectional | 299 | Low | ▲ | ▲ |
Gubbels 2018 [55] | Cross-sectional | 281 | Low | ▲ | ■ |
Hannon & Brown 2008 | Before-after | 64 | High | ▲ | ▲ |
Ng 2020 [27] | Case-control | 297 | High | ◄► | – |
Olesen 2013 [56] | Cross-sectional | 426 | Low | ▼ | – |
Summary effect direction | ▲ | ▲ |
- Abbreviations: MVPA Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. a = Physical activity promoting v.s. not physical activity promoting ECEC (i.e. ≥ 1 piece of portable outdoor play equipment v.s. no presence of portable outdoor play equipment)
- Effect direction: Study level: ▲ = portable outdoor play equipment benefits outcomes (lower sedentary time, higher physical activity); ▼ = portable outdoor play equipment harms outcomes (higher sedentary time, lower physical activity) ■ = (summary) statistics not presented
- Summary: ▲ = studies show a beneficial association with portable outdoor play equipment at ECEC