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Table 5 Health behaviors and weight status (means) by socioeconomic status among adolescents (EAT 2010) and young adults (EAT 2018)

From: How is weight teasing cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with health behaviors and weight status among ethnically/racially and socioeconomically diverse young people?

Adolescence (EAT 2010)

Outcome

Cohen’s d Statistic

Low SES

Middle SES

High SES

p-value

Screen Time (hours/week)

0.05

39.3 ± 26.3a

40.9 ± 27.0a

40.0 ± 24.7a

0.594

MVPA (hours/week)

0.24

5.2 ± 4.7a

5.8 ± 4.6b

6.7 ± 4.2c

 < 0.001

Sleep duration (hours/night)

0.20

8.4 ± 1.3a

8.6 ± 1.3b

8.6 ± 0.97b

 < 0.001

Breakfast intake (days/week)

0.29

3.9 ± 2.6a

4.2 ± 2.6a

4.9 ± 2.3b

 < 0.001

Fruit intake (servings/day)

0.06

2.1 ± 1.8a

2.2 ± 1.8a

2.1 ± 1.4a

0.500

Vegetable intake (servings/day)

0.11

1.3 ± 1.3a

1.4 ± 1.4a

1.4 ± 1.1a

0.133

SSB intake (servings/week)

0.25

6.0 ± 6.5a

5.5 ± 6.2a

4.0 ± 4.5b

 < 0.001

Fast-Food intake (times/month)

0.16

13.6 ± 16.6a

13.5 ± 15.3a

10.6 ± 9.5b

0.008

BMI-for-age (percentile)

0.31

72.3 ± 28.1a

70.6 ± 26.5a

60.9 ± 27.6b

 < 0.001

Young Adulthood (EAT 2018)

Outcome

Cohen’s d Statistic

Low SES

Middle SES

High SES

p-value

Screen Time (hours/week)

0.09

25.5 ± 13.0a

25.6 ± 12.1a

24.3 ± 10.3a

0.249

MVPA (hours/week)

0.20

4.0 ± 4.1a

4.5 ± 4.2a

5.1 ± 3.9b

 < 0.001

Sleep duration (hours/night)

0.11

8.5 ± 1.6a

8.5 ± 1.6a

8.3 ± 1.2a

0.132

Breakfast intake (days/week)

0.17

3.6 ± 2.4a

3.7 ± 2.4a

4.1 ± 2.2b

0.004

Fruit intake (servings/day)

0.09

2.0 ± 1.9a

2.0 ± 1.8a

1.8 ± 1.6a

0.276

Vegetable intake (servings/day)

0.12

2.0 ± 1.7a

2.2 ± 1.8a

2.2 ± 1.6a

0.115

SSB intake (servings/week)

0.06

3.9 ± 5.1a

3.7 ± 4.8a

3.6 ± 4.6a

0.579

Fast-Food intake (times/month)

0.20

16.0 ± 16.5a

14.7 ± 14.5a

12.1 ± 10.0b

 < 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

0.34

28.2 ± 7.7a

27.2 ± 6.7b

25.1 ± 5.7c

 < 0.001

  1. ANOVA tests used to examine differences in unadjusted means by socioeconomic status
  2. abcWithin each outcome, cells that share a superscript do not significantly differ at p < 0.05
  3. Bold values indicate statistical significance at p < 0.05
  4. SES Socioeconomic status, MVPA Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, SSB Sugar-sweetened beverage, BMI Body mass index