Economic evaluation of physical activity mass media campaigns across the globe: a systematic review

Pinheiro, Marina B.; Howard, Kirsten; Sherrington, Cathie; Bauman, Adrian; Costa, Nathalia; Smith, Ben J.; Bellew, William; Ding, Ding; Tiedemann, Anne; Wang, Belinda; Santos, Andreia C; Bull, Fiona; Willumsen, Juana; Albuquerque, Bruna S.; Lunar, Frances Rom; Bapat, Vishwesh; Norris, Sarah K.

doi:10.1186/s12966-022-01340-x

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 1 Summary of results of the model-based economic evaluations investigating physical activity mass media campaigns

From: Economic evaluation of physical activity mass media campaigns across the globe: a systematic review

Author (year), Campaign	Perspective/ Time horizon	Population	Campaign	US$^a/QALY or DALY	Cost-effective considering local threshold^b	Plane	Level of certainty^c
Roux (2008), Wheeling Walks [34]	Societal/40 years	United States adult population (25-64 yrs)	One-off 8-week community-wide intervention with mass media campaign	$20,099/QALY gained	Yes	NE	LOW
Cobiac (2009), Exercise, you only have to take it regularly not seriously [30]	Health sector perspective/Lifetime of the population in 2003	Australian population (25-60 yrs)	One-off 6-week mostly mass media campaign with some community support	Cost saving -Cost Offsets (total): -$931 million (95% UI -$1176 to -$281) -QALY gained (total): 23,000 (95% UI: 7600 to 40,000)	Yes	SE	LOW
De Smedt (2011), 10,000 Steps Ghent [31]	Public payer/20 years (cycle length of 1 year)	Population of a mid-sized city in Belgium (25-75 yrs)	Life-long pedometer-based community-wide intervention with mass media campaign, with a 5-year cycle where the pedometer was implemented in year one	Women: Cost-saving -Cost offsets (average): -$386.61 -QALY gained (average): 0.11	Yes	SE	LOW
De Smedt (2011), 10,000 Steps Ghent [31]	Public payer/20 years (cycle length of 1 year)	Population of a mid-sized city in Belgium (25-75 yrs)		Men: Cost-saving -Cost offsets (average): -$521.51 -QALY gained (average): 0.16	Yes
Goryakin (2019), Hypothetical campaign [32]	Health system / 31 years	Italy population (18+ yrs)	18 weeks duration with 6 segments in 31 years hypothetical mostly mass media campaign	$21,713/DALY	Yes	NE	VERY LOW
Mizdrak (2020), Hypothetical campaign [33]	Health system/ Lifetime of the population in 2011	New Zealand adult population (15-79 yrs)	One-off hypothetical mass media campaign to promote smartphone apps for physical activity	$130,740/QALY gained (95% UI 18,989 to 385,367)	No	NE	VERY LOW

NE north-east quadrant, indicates that the intervention is more costly and more effective, SE south-east quadrant, indicates that the intervention is less costly and more effective, UI uncertainty interval
^aIn 2020 US Dollars
^bImplicit threshold values given by WHO team (see Additional file 1: Appendix 10 for more details and references). We only considered whether the point estimates fell within the threshold and did not consider uncertainty intervals as they were commonly missing
^cOverall judgement of certainty of each economic model for WHO decision-making according to a GRADE style rating (see Additional file 1: Appendix 13 for more details)

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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