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Table 3 Multivariate meta-regression analyses for proportion of consent, device loss and adherence to wear criteria

From: The impact of selected methodological factors on data collection outcomes in observational studies of device-measured physical behaviour in adults: A systematic review

 

% Consented

% Loss

% Adhered

  

b

(95% CI)

I2

Adj. R2

b

(95% CI)

I2

Adj. R2

b

(95% CI)

I2

Adj. R2

Accelerometer wear location

Waist

Ref

 

99.2%

27.3%

Ref

 

21.0%

70.1%

Ref

 

95.9%

12.3%

Thigh

0.11

(-0.07, 0.30)

  

0.04

(0.01, 0.08)

  

0.05

(-0.11, 0.21)

  

Wrist

-0.02

(-0.09, 0.13)

  

-0.01

(-0.03, 0.01)

  

0.14

(0.05, 0.23)

  

Chest/Back/Arm

-0.07

(-0.22, 0.07)

  

0.01

(-0.01, 0.03)

  

0.10

(-0.01, 0.20)

  

Multiple

-0.13

(-0.29, 0.03)

  

0.05

(0.02, 0.08)

  

0.05

(-0.10, 0.20)

  

Study design

Prospective

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

Cross-sectional

-0.01

(-0.10, 0.09)

  

-0.01

(-0.03, 0.01)

  

-0.03

(-0.10, 0.05)

  

Sample size

Q1: 122–679

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

Q2: 680–1412

0.09

(-0.04, 0.22)

  

0.01

(-0.02, 0.04)

  

-0.08

(-0.18, 0.03)

  

Q3: 1412–3421

0.06

(-0.06, 0.18)

  

0.03

(0.001, 0.06)

  

-0.10

(-0.19, -0.01)

  

Q4: > 3422

0.18

(0.03, 0.32)

  

0.02

(-0.01, 0.05)

  

-0.07

(-0.19, 0.03)

  

p trend

0.02

   

0.05

   

0.28

   

Distribution method

In person

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

Via post

-0.30

(-0.42, -0.18)

  

0.01

(-0.01, 0.03)

  

-0.15

(-0.25, -0.04)

  

Return method

In person

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

Via post

-0.01

(-0.10, 0.12)

  

-0.01

(-0.1, 0.3)

  

0.07

(-0.02, 0.16)

  

Follow-up

Yes

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

No

-0.08

(-0.20, 0.04)

  

-0.04

(-0.05, -0.02)

  

-0.01

(-0.11, 0.09)

  

Study age

Q1: < 8yrs

Ref

   

Ref

   

Ref

   

Q2: 9-10yrs

0.08

(-0.04, 0.20)

  

0.001

(-0.02, 0.02)

  

-0.05

(-0.15, 0.05)

  

Q3: 11-14yrs

0.12

(-0.01, 0.23)

  

0.002

(-0.02, 0.02)

  

-0.02

(-0.11, 0.07)

  

Q4: > 14yrs

0.07

(-0.05, 0.20)

  

-0.01

(-0.03, 0.01)

  

-0.02

(-0.08, 0.12)

  

p trend

0.23

   

0.40

   

0.63

   
  1. Data are unstandardized beta (95%CI), therefore coefficients represent the difference in proportions of participants compared to the reference category. %consented = the proportion of participants invited to wear an accelerometer who consented to do so. %loss = the proportion of devices lost during data collection. %adhered = the proportion of consented participants who met minimum wear criteria for inclusion. I2 = between study variance, Adjusted R2 = the proportion of that between study variance explained by significant predictors within the model. Two studies (IDs #7 and #54) were excluded from analyses of %consented as the number consented was restricted by the device availability rather than only participant consent