Skip to main content

Table 5 Associations between recommendation and overall guidelines adherence over time and ASQ-3 outcomes over time among infants in the time use-diary sub-sample

From: Adherence to Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among infants and associations with development: a longitudinal study

Number of times a recommendation or the overall guidelines is met across the three time points

Communication

Fine motor

Gross motor

Personal-social

Problem solving

Total

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

Physical activity recommendation

 Tummy time [actual range: 0–3]

0.28 (-1.42,1.98)

0.744

-0.03 (-2.10,2.04)

0.978

2.28 (0.79,3.77)

0.003

-0.51 (-1.99,0.97)

0.497

0.75 (-1.22,2.72)

0.452

2.54 (-4.24,9.33)

0.458

Sedentary behaviour recommendations

 Screen time [actual range: 0–3]

0.81 (-1.01,2.6)

0.379

1.95 (-0.22,4.12)

0.077

0.76 (-0.91,2.44)

0.366

0.10 (-1.48,1.69)

0.896

1.66 (-0.42,3.75)

0.117

5.25 (-1.92,12.42)

0.149

 Reading time [actual range:0–3]

-1.32 (-2.56,-0.09)

0.036

-0.03 (-1.57,1.51)

0.972

0.60 (-0.56,1.77)

0.306

0.40 (-0.70,1.51)

0.468

1.01 (-0.46,2.48)

0.175

0.47 (-4.61,5.55)

0.855

 Restrained time bouts [actual range: 0–3]

-0.09 (-1.77,1.59)

0.913

0.71 (-1.33,2.76)

0.490

0.93 (-0.62,2.47)

0.235

0.34 (-1.13,1.82)

0.643

0.25 (-1.70,2.21)

0.798

3.10 (-3.62,9.82)

0.361

 Sedentary behaviour definition 1 [actual range:0–3]

-0.64 (-1.98,0.71)

0.348

0.89 (-0.74,2.52)

0.278

0.89 (-0.34,2.13)

0.154

0.46 (-0.71,1.63)

0.436

1.37 (-0.18,2.92)

0.083

2.90 (-2.47,8.28)

0.285

 Sedentary behaviour definition 2 [actual range:0–3]

-0.33 (-2.41,1.74)

0.750

2.22 (-0.26,4.71)

0.079

1.42 (-0.48,3.31)

0.140

0.89 (-0.92,2.69)

0.331

2.01 (-0.38,4.39)

0.098

7.16 (-1.02,15.35)

0.085

Sleep recommendation

 Sleep time [range: 0–3]

-1.02 (-2.98,0.93)

0.301

1.43 (-0.95,3.82)

0.234

-0.17 (-2.00,1.65)

0.850

0.42 (-1.30,2.14)

0.628

-0.54 (-2.83,1.75)

0.638

0.15 (-7.73,8.03)

0.970

Overall guidelines

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 1 + sleep [actual range: 0–3]

-0.70 (-3.03,1.62)

0.550

2.84 (0.08,5.61)

0.044

2.86 (0.79,4.93)

0.007

0.84 (-1.17,2.85)

0.410

3.22 (0.60,5.84)

0.017

8.88 (-0.22,17.97)

0.056

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 2 + sleep [actual range: 0–2]

-1.46 (-4.96,2.04)

0.410

2.49 (-1.77,6.74)

0.248

3.04 (-0.15,6.22)

0.061

1.64 (-1.41,4.69)

0.288

4.11 (0.11,8.10)

0.044

9.04 (-4.94,23.03)

0.202

Total number of recommendations

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 1 + sleep [actual range: 1–8]

-0.48 (-1.43,0.47)

0.319

0.80 (-0.36,1.96)

0.174

1.16 (0.30,2.02)

0.009

0.18 (-0.66,1.02)

0.676

0.80 (-0.30,1.90)

0.154

2.36 (-1.45,6.17)

0.222

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 2 + sleep [actual range: 1–7]

-0.32 (-1.38,0.75)

0.556

0.97 (-0.32,2.25)

0.138

1.21 (0.26,2.17)

0.013

0.14 (-0.80,1.08)

0.768

0.60 (-0.63,1.83)

0.332

2.77 (-1.45,6.98)

0.195

  1. Sedentary behaviour definition 1: screen time + reading time
  2. Sedentary behaviour definition 2: screen time + reading time + restrained time bouts
  3. Bold fonts indicate p < 0.05
  4. Participants who had observations for all variables of interest were included in the analyses. In all models, time was included as a repeated and fixed effect and covariates (Baseline: infant sex, infant race/ethnicity, number of siblings, parental marital status, parental education, parental country of birth; Time varying: non-parental care time, parental age) were included as fixed effects
  5. B Unstandardized beta coefficient, CI Confidence interval
Back to article page

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

Contact us