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Table 7 Associations between recommendation and overall guideline adherence over time and AIMS outcomes among infants in the time-use diary sub-sample

From: Adherence to Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among infants and associations with development: a longitudinal study

Number of times a recommendation or the overall guidelines is met across the three time points

AIMS prone

AIMS supine

AIMS sit

AIMS standa

AIMS total

AIMS percentile

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

OR (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

B (95%CI)

P value

Physical activity recommendation

 Tummy time [actual range: 0–3]

0.64 (-0.08,1.36)

0.083

0.29 (0.02,0.59)

0.048

-0.18 (-0.72,0.36)

0.503

1.37 (0.79,2.40)

0.266

0.83 (-0.57,2.21)

0.238

6.09 (-0.63,12.82)

0.075

Sedentary behaviour recommendations

 Screen time [actual range: 0–3]

0.79 (0.03,1.56)

0.046

0.25 (-0.07,0.57)

0.117

-0.12 (-0.70,0.47)

0.687

1.21 (0.69,2.14)

0.508

0.98 (-0.51,2.47)

0.196

5.38 (-1.94,12.70)

0.148

 Reading time [actual range:0–3]

-0.05 (-0.59,0.50)

0.869

0.06 (-0.16,0.28)

0.574

0.19 (-0.21,0.59)

0.358

1.32 (0.88,1.98)

0.183

0.26 (-0.77,1.30)

0.614

0.93 (-4.16,6.01)

0.718

 Restrained time bouts [actual range: 0–3]

0.32 (-0.42,1.05)

0.388

-0.06 (-0.36,0.24)

0.712

0.39 (-0.15,0.92)

0.153

1.54 (0.88,2.70)

0.131

0.74 (-0.65,2.12)

0.293

2.94 (-3.90,9.77)

0.395

 Sedentary behaviour 1 [actual range:0–3]

0.32 (-0.27,0.90)

0.281

0.20 (-0.04,0.43)

0.100

0.15 (-0.28,0.59)

0.479

1.32 (0.85,2.06)

0.213

0.73 (-0.37,1.83)

0.191

3.61 (-1.81,9.03)

0.189

 Sedentary behaviour 2 [actual range: 0–3]

0.54 (-0.39,1.46)

0.252

0.15 (-0.23,0.53)

0.423

0.12 (-0.57,0.81)

0.734

1.98 (0.90,4.34)

0.089

0.94 (-0.82,2.70)

0.292

3.67 (-5.02,12.34)

0.403

Sleep recommendation

 Sleep time [actual range: 0–3]

0.62 (-0.18,1.42)

0.125

0.29 (-0.04,0.62)

0.079

0.27 (-0.33,0.86)

0.373

1.31 (0.73,2.34)

0.371

1.20 (-0.32,2.72)

0.121

4.35 (-3.18,11.88)

0.254

Overall guidelines

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 1 + sleep [actual range: 0–3]

1.52 (0.56,2.48)

0.002

0.55 (0.16,0.95)

0.007

0.12 (-0.63,0.87)

0.757

2.85 (1.10,7.40)

0.0e31

2.36 (0.50,4.22)

0.014

12.28 (3.17,21.40)

0.009

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 2 + sleep [actual range: 0–2]

2.13 (0.48,3.78)

0.012

0.75 (0.07,1.43)

0.031

0.39 (-0.87,1.66)

0.540

3.13 (0.70,13.89)

0.134

3.45 (0.28,6.63)

0.033

16.67 (1.03,32.30)

0.037

Total number of recommendations

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 1 + sleep [actual range: 1–8]

0.54 (0.14,0.94)

0.009

0.28 (0.12,0.44)

 < 0.001

0.09 (-0.22,0.40)

0.559

1.40 (1.01,1.97)

0.050

0.97 (0.20,1.74)

0.014

5.02 (1.25,8.79)

0.010

 Physical activity + sedentary behaviour definition 2 + sleep [actual range: 1–7]

0.60 (0.14,1.05)

0.011

0.26 (0.07,0.44)

0.007

0.04 (-0.31,0.39)

0.805

1.48 (1.01,2.19)

0.042

0.97 (0.09,1.85)

0.031

4.86 (0.55,9.17)

0.028

  1. Sedentary behaviour definition 1: screen time + reading time
  2. Sedentary behaviour definition 2: screen time + reading time + restrained time bouts
  3. Bold fonts indicate p < 0.05
  4. Participants who had observations for all variables of interest were included in the analyses. Covariates (AIMS assessment: infant age; Baseline: infant sex, infant race/ethnicity, number of siblings, parental age, parental marital status, parental education, parental country of birth; Average across time points: non-parental care time) were included in all models. One participant had missing data on AIMS
  5. Mean imputations were conducted for 6 missing data on average non-parental care time
  6. B Unstandardized beta coefficient, OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, AIMS Alberta Infant Motor Scale
  7. aDue to distribution, AIMS stand was dichotomised as a dummy variable (value = 0 reference]: score = 2; value = 1: score > 2)
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

ISSN: 1479-5868

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