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Table 1 Sample characteristics and environmental attributes (N = 727)

From: Associations of home and neighborhood environments with children’s physical activity in the U.S.-based Neighborhood Impact on Kids (NIK) longitudinal cohort study

 

Overall (n = 727) M ± SD or %

San Diego (n = 345) M ± SD or %

Seattle (n = 382) M ± SD or %

Household characteristics

 Parent’s age (years) [4.8% missing]

41.58 ± 5.81

41.46 ± 6.19

41.68 ± 5.47

 Parent’s sex (% female) [0% missing]

86.52

86.67

86.39

 Child’s age (years) [0% missing]

9.06 ± 1.56

9.23 ± 1.60

8.90 ± 1.52

 Child’s sex (% female) [0% missing]

50.21

50.14

50.26

 Child ethnicity (% Hispanic) [4.4% missing]

15.97

27.33

6.17

Highest Parental Education (%) [5.2% missing]

Up to some college

23.51

33.12

15.18

Completed college

39.48

33.13

44.99

More than college degree

37.01

33.75

39.84

Employment (% working outside home) [6.1% missing]

62.52

64.44

60.87

Marital status (% Married/partnered) [5.1% missing]

93.91

91.22

96.23

Number of children [0% missing]

2.35 ± 0.89

2.26 ± 0.91

2.42 ± 0.86

Number of vehicles [5.4% missing]

2.44 ± 0.99

2.47 ± 1.07

2.41 ± 0.91

Number of adults with driver’s licenses [5.5% missing]

2.09 ± 0.52

2.07 ± 0.55

2.11 ± 0.48

Time in neighborhood (months) [5.0% missing]

100.4 ± 60.74

99.77 ± 60.55

101.0 ± 60.99

Neighborhood self-selection [4.1% missing]

 transport-related PA

3.07 ± 0.81

3.04 ± 0.88

3.10 ± 0.75

 leisure-time PA

3.54 ± 0.88

3.49 ± 0.94

3.59 ± 0.82

 safety and SES

4.12 ± 0.79

4.10 ± 0.86

4.14 ± 0.72

SES (Census-based median household income in ‘000) [0% missing]

63.69 ± 22.22

56.72 ± 20.79

69.99 ± 21.60

Environmental attributes

 PA equipment at home [4.5% missing]

5.76 ± 1.47

5.61 ± 1.50

5.89 ± 1.43

 Traffic (self-report) [1–4] [4.7% missing]

2.62 ± 0.51

2.62 ± 0.52

2.63 ± 0.49

 Crime (self-report) [1–4] [4.7% missing]

2.93 ± 0.67

2.86 ± 0.70

3.00 ± 0.63

 Land use mix (audit) [0–61] [0.3 missing]

2.48 ± 2.64

2.78 ± 2.85

2.21 ± 2.41

 Positive AT score (audit) [0–77] [0.3% missing]

11.23 ± 3.80

11.74 ± 3.36

10.77 ± 4.11

 Intersection density (GIS) [0–1] [0% missing]

0.32 ± 0.07

0.32 ± 0.07

0.31 ± 0.08

Residential density (audit) [0.3% missing]

   

 Commercial

0.14

0.29

0

 Single family

75.03

65.80

83.42

 Multi family

24.83

33.91

16.58

 Park PA facilities score (audit) [2–42] [0.3% missing]

12.10 ± 12.11

13.15 ± 12.68

11.14 ± 11.50

[0% missing]

Informal play space score (audit) [0–48]

7.10 ± 10.46

5.62 ± 9.29

8.43 ± 11.27

[0% missing]

   

Parks (GIS)

 no. within block groups

1.95 ± 2.06

1.48 ± 1.42

2.38 ± 2.42

 presence within block groups (% yes)

74.43

76.49

72.58

[22.0% missing]

 no. within 1 km buffer presence

1.27 ± 1.89

1.0 ± 1.36

1.52 ± 2.23

 within 1 km buffer (% yes)

56.40

55.07

57.59

 [0% missing]

Accelerometry data

 MVPA (T1; average min/day)

145.81 ± 53.38

137.81 ± 54.25

152.73 ± 51.69

[4.3% missing]

   

 MVPA (T2; average min/day)

112.50 ± 57.52

98.35 ± 41.57

125.96 ± 66.71

[16.5% missing]

   

Change in MVPA

 (average min/day; T1 – T2)

-33.70 ± 46.32

-40.11 ± 37.34

-27.77 ± 52.68

[17.9% missing]

   
  1. M Mean, SD Standard deviation, SES Socio-economic status, PA Physical activity, SESMAPS Microscale audit of pedestrian streets caps, MVPA Moderate to vigorous PA, GIS Geographic information system, Land use mix – measured using ‘MAPS Destination Land Use (DLU) positive overall’ score; Positive AT score – a MAPS subscale measuring positive characteristics of the neighborhood for promoting active transport (AT); Park PA facilities score—measured using the Environmental Assessment of Public Recreational Spaces (EAPRS) audit tool; Play space score was measured using Informal Play Space audit tool; Land use mix – measured using ‘MAPS Destination Land Use (DLU) positive overall’ score; Residential density – measured using ‘MAPS Res_Density_Mix_recode’ score