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Table 6 Baseline to post-intervention changes in common measures of cardiometabolic risk biomarkers

From: High-intensity interval training in children and adolescents with special educational needs: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

Study

Outcome measure

Baseline Mean ± SD

Post-test Mean ± SD

Mean change (from baseline)

Effect size (Cohen’s d)

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

SBP (mmHg)

124 ± 10

113 ± 8

–11

–1.22

Taylor et al. 2019 [36]

SBP (mmHg)

107 ± 6.60

111 ± 10.36

3.91

0.45

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

SBP (mmHg)

123 ± 14.0

120 ± 12.8

–3

–0.34

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

DBP (mmHg)

74 ± 7

77 ± 8

3

0.40

Taylor et al. 2019 [36]

DBP (mmHg)

68.2 ± 5.39

70.4 ± 6.05

2.2

0.39

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

DBP (mmHg)

67.8 ± 10.3

65.4 ± 8.5

–2.4

–0.29

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

170 ± 25

155 ± 23

–15

–0.62

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.8 ± 0.67

3.81 ± 0.68

0.01

0.01

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

54.9 ± 13.5

59.4 ± 11.4

4.5

0.36

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.23 ± 0.36

1.25 ± 0.36

0.02

0.06

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)

105 ± 12.0

96 ± 9.3

–9

–0.88

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.25 ± 0.56

2.2 ± 0.51

–0.05

–0.09

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Triglycerides (mg/dL)

79.2 ± 22.2

70.8 ± 16.7

–8.4

–0.43

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.01 ± 0.59

1.11 ± 0.68

0.1

0.16

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Glucose (mg/dL)

86 ± 7.6

85 ± 7.1

–1

–0.14

Zwinkels et al. 2019 [39]

Glucose (mmol/L)

4.68 ± 0.61

4.8 ± 0.58

0.1

0.16

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Insulin (IU/mg)

14 ± 5.9

11 ± 4.0

–3

–0.60

Torabi et al. 2018 [37]

Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, boys only)

3.6 ± 0.9

2.6 ± 0.6

–1

1.31

Torabi et al. 2018 [37]

Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, girls only)

3.3 ± 0.8

2.2 ± 0.7

–1.1

–1.46

Boer et al. 2014 [27]

Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)

2.9 ± 1.3

2.3 ± 0.8

–0.6

–0.56

  1. DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL low-density lipoprotein, SBP systolic blood pressure