Articles

Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study

Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean die...

Authors: Weiyao Yin, Marie Löf, Ruoqing Chen, Christina M. Hultman, Fang Fang and Sven Sandin

Associations of neighborhood built, safety, and social environment with walking to and from school among elementary school-aged children in Chiba, Japan

Although it is globally known that Japan has high prevalence of active school travel among children, there are few international studies on Japanese children’s school travel. Moreover, only few studies have fo...

Authors: Kimihiro Hino, Erika Ikeda, Saiko Sadahiro and Shigeru Inoue

Behaviours that prompt primary school teachers to adopt and implement physically active learning: a meta synthesis of qualitative evidence

Physically active learning (PAL) - integration of movement within delivery of academic content - is a core component of many whole-of-school physical activity approaches. Yet, PAL intervention methods and stra...

Authors: Andrew Daly-Smith, Jade L. Morris, Emma Norris, Toni L. Williams, Victoria Archbold, Jouni Kallio, Tuija H. Tammelin, Amika Singh, Jorge Mota, Jesper von Seelen, Caterina Pesce, Jo Salmon, Heather McKay, John Bartholomew and Geir Kare Resaland

The impact of shelf tags with Nutri-Score on consumer purchases: a difference-in-difference analysis of a natural experiment in supermarkets of a major retailer in Belgium

Delhaize, a major Belgian retailer, started implementing electronic shelf labels (ESL) with Nutri-Score since May 2019. Nutri-Score rates the healthfulness of packaged foods with five colours/letters from red/...

Authors: Stefanie Vandevijvere and Nicolas Berger

The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents

Mental health among young people in many countries, including Norway, seems to be deteriorating. Physical activity (PA) has been positively associated with mental health. However, methodological issues related...

Authors: Ingeborg Barth Vedøy, Knut Ragnvald Skulberg, Sigmund Alfred Anderssen, Morten Wang Fagerland, Hege Eikeland Tjomsland and Miranda Thurston

The effectiveness of digital interventions for increasing physical activity in individuals of low socioeconomic status: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Digital technologies such as wearables, websites and mobile applications are increasingly used in interventions targeting physical activity (PA). Increasing access to such technologies makes an attractive pros...

Authors: Max J. Western, Miranda E. G. Armstrong, Ishrat Islam, Kelly Morgan, Una F. Jones and Mark J. Kelson

Understanding socioeconomic differences in metabolic syndrome remission among adults: what is the mediating role of health behaviors?

Although the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) strongly varies based on individuals’ socioeconomic position (SEP), as yet no studies have examined the SEP-MetS remission relationship. Our aim is to longit...

Authors: Liza A. Hoveling, Aart C. Liefbroer, Ute Bültmann and Nynke Smidt

The impact of participant mental health on attendance and engagement in a trial of behavioural weight management programmes: secondary analysis of the WRAP randomised controlled trial

Low attendance and engagement in behavioural weight management trials are common. Mental health may play an important role, however previous research exploring this association is limited with inconsistent fin...

Authors: Rebecca A. Jones, Julia Mueller, Stephen J. Sharp, Ann Vincent, Robbie Duschinsky, Simon J. Griffin and Amy L. Ahern

24-hour movement behaviour profiles and their transition in children aged 5.5 and 8 years – findings from a prospective cohort study

Time spent in movement behaviours, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep, across the 24-h day may have distinct health consequences. We aimed to describe 24-h movement behaviour ...

Authors: Natarajan Padmapriya, Bozhi Chen, Claire Marie Jie Lin Goh, Lynette Pei Chi Shek, Yap Seng Chong, Kok Hian Tan, Shiao-Yng Chan, Fabian Yap, Keith M. Godfrey, Yung Seng Lee, Johan G. Eriksson, Jonathan Y. Bernard and Falk Müller-Riemenschneider

A systematic review of the validity, reliability, and feasibility of measurement tools used to assess the physical activity and sedentary behaviour of pre-school aged children

Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) of pre-school aged children are associated with important health and developmental outcomes. Accurate measurement of these behaviours in young children is cr...

Authors: Sophie M. Phillips, Carolyn Summerbell, Matthew Hobbs, Kathryn R. Hesketh, Sonia Saxena, Cassey Muir and Frances C. Hillier-Brown

The temporal relationship between parental concern of overeating and childhood obesity considering genetic susceptibility: longitudinal results from the IDEFICS/I.Family study

Many genes and molecular pathways are associated with obesity, but the mechanisms from genes to obesity are less well known. Eating behaviors represent a plausible pathway, but because the relationships of eat...

Authors: Guiomar Masip, Ronja Foraita, Karri Silventoinen, Roger A. H. Adan, Wolfgang Ahrens, Stefaan De Henauw, Antje Hebestreit, Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Lauren Lissner, Kirsten Mehlig, Dénés Molnar, Luis A. Moreno, Iris Pigeot, Paola Russo, Toomas Veidebaum, Leonie H. Bogl…

Enhancing the implementation and sustainability of fundamental movement skill interventions in the UK and Ireland: lessons from collective intelligence engagement with stakeholders

To have population-level impact, physical activity (PA) interventions must be effectively implemented and sustained under real-world conditions. Adequate Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) is integral to childr...

Authors: Jiani Ma, Michael J. Hogan, Emma L. J. Eyre, Natalie Lander, Lisa M. Barnett and Michael J. Duncan

Physical activity, sugar-sweetened beverages, whole grain bread and insomnia among adolescents and psychological distress in adulthood: prospective data from the population-based HUNT study

In this study, we examined the relationship between low levels of physical activity, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and low consumption of whole grain bread and experiencing insomnia in adolesce...

Authors: Annette Løvheim Kleppang, Karin de Ridder, Siri Håvås Haugland and Tonje Holte Stea

Investigating the physical activity, health, wellbeing, social and environmental effects of a new urban greenway: a natural experiment (the PARC study)

Evidence for the health benefits of urban green space tends to stem from small, short-term quasi-experimental or cross-sectional observational research, whilst evidence from intervention studies is sparse. The...

Authors: Ruth F. Hunter, Deepti Adlakha, Christopher Cardwell, Margaret E. Cupples, Michael Donnelly, Geraint Ellis, Aisling Gough, George Hutchinson, Therese Kearney, Alberto Longo, Lindsay Prior, Helen McAneney, Sara Ferguson, Brian Johnston, Michael Stevenson, Frank Kee…

Potential causal effect of physical activity on reducing the risk of dementia: a 6-year cohort study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

The causal effect of physical activity on reducing dementia risk has been questioned due to the possibility of reverse causation. This study examined the potential causal effects of physical activity on reduci...

Authors: Koryu Sato, Naoki Kondo, Masamichi Hanazato, Taishi Tsuji and Katsunori Kondo

Estimating the potential impact of the Australian government’s reformulation targets on household sugar purchases

Countries around the world are putting in place sugar reformulation targets for packaged foods to reduce excess sugar consumption. The Australian government released its voluntary sugar reformulation targets f...

Authors: Daisy H. Coyle, Maria Shahid, Elizabeth K. Dunford, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Kathy Trieu, Matti Marklund, Bruce Neal and Jason H. Y. Wu

Scale-up of the Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) intervention in secondary schools: 24-month implementation and cost outcomes from a cluster randomised controlled trial

Physical Activity 4 Everyone (PA4E1) is an evidence-based program effective at increasing adolescent physical activity (PA) and improving weight status. This study aimed to determine a) the effectiveness of an...

Authors: Rachel Sutherland, Elizabeth Campbell, Matthew McLaughlin, Nicole Nathan, Luke Wolfenden, David R. Lubans, Philip J. Morgan, Karen Gillham, Chris Oldmeadow, Andrew Searles, Penny Reeves, Mandy Williams, Nicole Evans, Andrew Bailey, James Boyer, Christophe Lecathelinais…

Is walking netball an effective, acceptable and feasible method to increase physical activity and improve health in middle- to older age women?: A RE-AIM evaluation

Physical activity is a modifiable risk factor for health and wellbeing, all-cause mortality and healthy aging. However, for middle- to older-age females less is known about the benefits of sports participation on...

Authors: F. E. Kinnafick, A. J. Brinkley, S. J. Bailey and E. J. Adams

Cardiorespiratory fitness and lifestyle on severe COVID-19 risk in 279,455 adults: a case control study

The impact of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and other lifestyle-related factors on severe COVID-19 risk is understudied. The present study aims to investigate lifestyle-related and socioeconomic factors as p...

Authors: Elin Ekblom-Bak, Daniel Väisänen, Björn Ekblom, Victoria Blom, Lena V. Kallings, Erik Hemmingsson, Gunnar Andersson, Peter Wallin, Jane Salier Eriksson, Tobias Holmlund, Magnus Lindwall, Andreas Stenling and Amanda Lönn

Media use trajectories and risk of metabolic syndrome in European children and adolescents: the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort

Media use may influence metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children. Yet, longitudinal studies are scarce. This study aims to evaluate the longitudinal association of childhood digital media (DM) use trajectories wi...

Authors: Elida Sina, Christoph Buck, Toomas Veidebaum, Alfonso Siani, Lucia Reisch, Hermann Pohlabeln, Valeria Pala, Luis A. Moreno, Dénes Molnar, Lauren Lissner, Yiannis Kourides, Stefaan De Henauw, Gabriele Eiben, Wolfgang Ahrens and Antje Hebestreit

Understanding children’s preference for park features that encourage physical activity: an adaptive choice based conjoint analysis

Parks are a key setting for physical activity for children. However, little is known about which park features children prefer and which features are most likely to encourage them to be active in parks. This s...

Authors: Jenny Veitch, Kylie Ball, Elise Rivera, Venurs Loh, Benedicte Deforche and Anna Timperio

Bi-directional relationships between physical activity and mental health among a large sample of Canadian youth: a sex-stratified analysis of students in the COMPASS study

The aim of this research was to examine the bidirectional association between self-reported symptoms of mental disorder and physical activity among a large sample of Canadian secondary school students over time.

Authors: M. Claire Buchan, Isabella Romano, Alexandra Butler, Rachel E. Laxer, Karen A. Patte and Scott T. Leatherdale

A systematic review of tools designed for teacher proxy-report of children’s physical literacy or constituting elements

Physical literacy (PL) in childhood is essential for a healthy active lifestyle, with teachers playing a critical role in guiding its development. Teachers can assist children to acquire the skills, confidence...

Authors: Inimfon A. Essiet, Natalie J. Lander, Jo Salmon, Michael J. Duncan, Emma L. J. Eyre, Jiani Ma and Lisa M. Barnett

Studying dietary intake in daily life through multilevel two-part modelling: a novel analytical approach and its practical application

Understanding which factors influence dietary intake, particularly in daily life, is crucial given the impact diet has on physical as well as mental health. However, a factor might influence whether but not ho...

Authors: Alea Ruf, Andreas B. Neubauer, Ulrich Ebner-Priemer, Andreas Reif and Silke Matura

Walking cadence (steps/min) and intensity in 61–85-year-old adults: the CADENCE-Adults study

Heuristic (i.e., evidence-based, rounded) cadences of ≥100 and ≥ 130 steps/min have consistently corresponded with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]) and vigorous (6 METs) physical ac...

Authors: Catrine Tudor-Locke, Jose Mora-Gonzalez, Scott W. Ducharme, Elroy J. Aguiar, John M. Schuna Jr., Tiago V. Barreira, Christopher C. Moore, Colleen J. Chase, Zachary R. Gould, Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel, Stuart R. Chipkin and John Staudenmayer

Association between cardiac autonomic function and physical activity in patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death: a cohort study

High levels of physical activity (PA) and heart rate variability (HRV) are associated with cardiovascular benefits in patients with cardiovascular diseases. HRV, representing cardiac autonomic function, is pos...

Authors: Xuerong Sun, Shuang Zhao, Keping Chen, Wei Hua, Yangang Su, Xin Liu, Wei Xu, Fang Wang, Xiaohan Fan, Yan Dai, Zhimin Liu and Shu Zhang

Physical activity in out of school hours care: an observational study

Opportunities for physical activity within out of school hours care (OSHC) are not well documented in Australia. This study explored factors associated with children (5–12 years) meeting 30 min of moderate to...

Authors: Ruth K. Crowe, Yasmine C. Probst, Rebecca M. Stanley, Sarah T. Ryan, R. Glenn Weaver, Michael W. Beets, Jennifer A. Norman, Susan E. Furber, Cecilia Vuong, Megan L. Hammersley, Karen Wardle, Lisa Franco, Marc Davies, Christine Innes-Hughes and Anthony D. Okely

Identifying effective intervention strategies to reduce children’s screen time: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Authors: Alexis Jones, Bridget Armstrong, R. Glenn Weaver, Hannah Parker, Lauren von Klinggraeff and M. W. Beets

Effects of differential measurement error in self-reported diet in longitudinal lifestyle intervention studies

Lifestyle intervention studies often use self-reported measures of diet as an outcome variable to measure changes in dietary intake. The presence of measurement error in self-reported diet due to participant f...

Authors: David Aaby and Juned Siddique

Cross-sectional and prospective associations of sleep, sedentary and active behaviors with mental health in older people: a compositional data analysis from the Seniors-ENRICA-2 study

Most studies on the effects of sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), and physical activity (PA) on mental health did not account for the intrinsically compositional nature of the time spent in several behaviors. Thu...

Authors: Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez, Irene Esteban-Cornejo, Esther García-Esquinas, Rosario Ortolá, Ignacio Ara, Irene Rodríguez-Gómez, Sebastien F. M. Chastin, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo and David Martínez-Gómez

Light-intensity physical activity and mental ill health: a systematic review of observational studies in the general population

Most of theevidence has focused on examining the influence of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity on mental health, but he role of light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is less understood. The ...

Authors: Mireia Felez-Nobrega, Judit Bort-Roig, Ruimin Ma, Eugenia Romano, Matthew Faires, Brendon Stubbs, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Beatriz Olaya, Josep Maria Haro, Lee Smith, Jae Il Shin, Min Seo Kim and Ai Koyanagi

Evaluating the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Resistance Training for Teens program

Physical activity guidelines recommend young people engage in regular muscle-strengthening activities (e.g., resistance training [RT]). However, few school-based physical activity interventions have been deliv...

Authors: Sarah G. Kennedy, Jordan J. Smith, Paul A. Estabrooks, Nicole Nathan, Mike Noetel, Philip J. Morgan, Jo Salmon, Gessika C. Dos Santos and David R. Lubans

Effects of a three-armed randomised controlled trial using self-monitoring of daily steps with and without counselling in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes—the Sophia Step Study

This aimed to evaluate the effects of self-monitoring of daily steps with or without counselling support on HbA1c, other cardiometabolic risk factors and objectively measured physical activity (PA) during a 2-...

Authors: Jenny Rossen, Kristina Larsson, Maria Hagströmer, Agneta Yngve, Kerstin Brismar, Barbara Ainsworth, Linda Åberg and Unn-Britt Johansson

Mobility and muscle strength trajectories in old age: the beneficial effect of Mediterranean diet in combination with physical activity and social support

Decline in physical function varies substantially across older individuals due to several extrinsic modifiable factors such as dietary patterns, physical activity and social support. We aimed to determine the ...

Authors: Marguerita Saadeh, Federica Prinelli, Davide L. Vetrano, Weili Xu, Anna-Karin Welmer, Serhiy Dekhtyar, Laura Fratiglioni and Amaia Calderón-Larrañaga

Testing front-of-package warnings to discourage red meat consumption: a randomized experiment with US meat consumers

Reducing red meat is a strategy to improve public health and mitigate climate change in the United States and other high-income countries. Policies requiring warnings on the front of red meat packages are a pr...

Authors: Lindsey Smith Taillie, Christina Chauvenet, Anna H. Grummon, Marissa G. Hall, Wilma Waterlander, Carmen E. Prestemon and Lindsay M. Jaacks

Dose and engagement during an extended contact physical activity and dietary behavior change intervention delivered via tailored text messaging: exploring relationships with behavioral outcomes

Extended contact interventions delivered via text messaging are a low-cost option for promoting the long-term continuation of behavior change. This secondary analysis of a text message–delivered extended conta...

Authors: Brianna S Fjeldsoe, Ana D Goode, Jennifer Job, Elizabeth G Eakin, Kate L Spilsbury and Elisabeth Winkler

Barriers and facilitators to implementing community-based physical activity interventions: a qualitative systematic review

Over the past decade several physical activity (PA) interventions have been shown to be efficacious in a controlled research setting, however there is a continued lack of evidence for how to successfully imple...

Authors: Jemima Cooper, Joey Murphy, Catherine Woods, Femke Van Nassau, Aisling McGrath, David Callaghan, Paula Carroll, Paul Kelly, Niamh Murphy and Marie Murphy

Covid-19 lockdown: Ethnic differences in children’s self-reported physical activity and the importance of leaving the home environment; a longitudinal and cross-sectional study from the Born in Bradford birth cohort study

In England, the onset of COVID-19 and a rapidly increasing infection rate resulted in a lockdown (March-June 2020) which placed strict restrictions on movement of the public, including children. Using data col...

Authors: Daniel D. Bingham, Andy Daly-Smith, Jennifer Hall, Amanda Seims, Sufyan A. Dogra, Stuart J. Fairclough, Mildred Ajebon, Brian Kelly, Bo Hou, Katy A. Shire, Kirsty L. Crossley, Mark Mon-Williams, John Wright, Kate Pickett, Rosemary McEachan, Josie Dickerson…

Cost-effectiveness of physical activity intervention in children – results based on the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study

We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a 2-year physical activity (PA) intervention combining family-based PA counselling and after-school exercise clubs in primary-school children compared to no intervention f...

Authors: Virpi Kuvaja-Köllner, Niina Lintu, Virpi Lindi, Elisa Rissanen, Aino-Maija Eloranta, Sanna Kiiskinen, Janne Martikainen, Eila Kankaanpää, Hannu Valtonen and Timo A. Lakka

Lifestyle-integrated functional exercise to prevent falls and promote physical activity: Results from the LiFE-is-LiFE randomized non-inferiority trial

The ‘Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise’ (LiFE) program successfully reduced risk of falling via improvements in balance and strength, additionally increasing physical activity (PA) in older adults. Gene...

Authors: Carl-Philipp Jansen, Corinna Nerz, Sarah Labudek, Sophie Gottschalk, Franziska Kramer-Gmeiner, Jochen Klenk, Judith Dams, Hans-Helmut König, Lindy Clemson, Clemens Becker and Michael Schwenk

Confirmatory factor analysis of the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire in a Chinese urban preschooler sample

Understanding young children's eating behaviours is vital to childhood obesity prevention. However, the widely used Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) has not been validated in Chinese young chil...

Authors: Nan Zhou and Luning Sun

Community supported agriculture plus nutrition education improves skills, self-efficacy, and eating behaviors among low-income caregivers but not their children: a randomized controlled trial

Adults and children in the U.S. consume inadequate quantities of fruit and vegetables (FV), in part, due to poor access among households with lower socioeconomic status. One approach to improving access to FV ...

Authors: Rebecca A. Seguin-Fowler, Karla L. Hanson, Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts, Jane Kolodinsky, Marilyn Sitaker, Alice S. Ammerman, Grace A. Marshall, Emily H. Belarmino, Jennifer A. Garner and Weiwei Wang

Tunneling a crosstown highway: a natural experiment testing the longitudinal effect on physical activity and active transport

In the city of Maastricht in the Netherlands, a highway crossing several deprived neighborhoods was tunneled in 2016. The vacant space on top of this tunnel was redesigned and prioritized for pedestrians and c...

Authors: Nicole E. H. Stappers, Jasper Schipperijn, Stef P. J. Kremers, Marleen P. M. Bekker, Maria W. J. Jansen, Nanne K. de Vries and Dave H. H. Van Kann

Adherence to 24-h movement behavior guidelines and psychosocial functioning in young children: a longitudinal analysis

A recent paradigm shift has highlighted the importance of considering how sleep, physical activity and sedentary behaviour work together to influence health, rather than examining each behaviour individually. ...

Authors: Rachael W. Taylor, Jillian J. Haszard, Dione Healey, Kim A. Meredith-Jones, Barry J. Taylor and Barbara C. Galland

The experience of life events and body composition in middle childhood: a population-based study

While studies suggest potential influences of childhood adversities on obesity development in adulthood, less is known about the short-term association in children. We examined the association between a wide r...

Authors: Ivonne P. M. Derks, Sara Hannani, Florianne O. L. Vehmeijer, Henning Tiemeier and Pauline W. Jansen

A modified Delphi study to enhance and gain international consensus on the Physical Activity Messaging Framework (PAMF) and Checklist (PAMC)

Physical activity messaging is an important step in the pathway towards improving population physical activity levels, but best practice is not yet understood. A gap in the literature exists for a physical act...

Authors: Chloë Williamson, Paul Kelly, Jennifer R. Tomasone, Adrian Bauman, Nanette Mutrie, Ailsa Niven, Justin Richards and Graham Baker

Demographic characteristics associated with circadian rest-activity rhythm patterns: a cross-sectional study

Rest-activity rhythm (RAR), a manifestation of circadian rhythms, has been associated with morbidity and mortality risk. However, RAR patterns in the general population and specifically the role of demographic...

Authors: Jingen Li, Virend K. Somers, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, Junrui Di and Naima Covassin

The context matters - not all prolonged sitting bouts are equally related to momentary affective states: an ambulatory assessment with sedentary-triggered E-diaries

Sedentary behaviors (SB) and especially prolonged sitting bouts are highly prevalent in daily life and studies indicated an association with an increased risk for several non-communicable diseases. Consequentl...

Authors: Martina Kanning, Christina Niermann, Ulrich Ebner-Primer and Marco Giurgiu

Prospective relations between maternal emotional eating, feeding to soothe, and infant appetitive behaviors

Infant obesogenic appetitive behaviors are associated with greater infant weight and child obesity, yet little is known about maternal influences on infant appetitive behaviors. This study examines the relatio...

Authors: Chelsie D. Temmen, Leah M. Lipsky, Myles S. Faith and Tonja R. Nansel

Revisiting the association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with all-cause mortality using a compositional approach: the Women's Health Study

While physical activity has consistently been associated with decreased mortality rates, it remains unknown if there is a single “ideal” combination of time in physical activities of different intensities and ...

Authors: Jairo H. Migueles, I-Min Lee, Cristina Cadenas Sanchez, Francisco B. Ortega, Julie E. Buring and Eric J. Shiroma