Table 8 Logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic factors associated with eating fast food and snacks ≥ once a week among Pakistani primary school children (n = 1860)

Gender

   Boys

1.27 (1.05-1.52)*

1.64 (1.33-2.02)^†

   Girls

Ref.

Ref.

Area and socioeconomic status (SES)

   Urban, high SES

8.83 (6.41-12.17)^†

5.09 (3.02-8.60)^†

   Urban, middle SES

7.41 (5.38-10.20)^†

3.88 (2.36-6.37)^†

   Urban, low SES

4.85 (3.52-6.68)^†

3.86 (2.54-5.87)^†

   Rural, low/disadvantaged SES

Ref.

Ref.

Neighborhood income

   Low

Ref.

Ref.

   Middle

3.60 (2.88-4.50)^†

1.35 (1.00-1.83)

   High

3.92 (2.93-5.24)^†

1.23 (0.81-1.87)

Parental education

   Illiterate

Ref.

Ref.

   High school

2.62 (1.89-3.63)^†

1.11 (0.75-1.64)

   College

6.47 (4.70-8.91)^†

1.74 (1.12-2.68)*

   Higher education

5.44 (3.93-7.53)^†

1.38 (0.87-2.17)

Parental working status

   Father only

Ref.

Ref.

   Both parents

1.65 (1.32-2.06)^†

1.26 (0.98-1.61)

Number of siblings

   No

2.11 (0.96-4.60)

0.68 (0.30-1.54)

   1-3

2.23 (1.85-2.71)^†

0.97 (0.77-1.22)

   > 3

Ref.

Ref.

Number of persons in child's living room

   No

2.79 (1.88-4.15)^†

1.36 (0.88-2.09)

   1-3

1.80 (1.49-2.19)^†

1.15 (0.92-1.43)

   > 3

Ref.

Ref.