A cross-sectional study of the individual, social, and built environmental correlates of pedometer-based physical activity among elementary school children

McCormack, Gavin R; Giles-Corti, Billie; Timperio, Anna; Wood, Georgina; Villanueva, Karen

doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-30

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Table 2 Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for the associations between socio-demographic, built environmental, and behavioral correlates of achieving pedometer-based cut-points

From: A cross-sectional study of the individual, social, and built environmental correlates of pedometer-based physical activity among elementary school children

			Main effects		Main effects + interactions
Variables		%	OR	95%CI	OR	95%CI
Socio-demographic
Home ownership*	Renting	25.7	1.11	0.80, 1.54	1.11	0.80, 1.56
	Owned/purchasing	26.0	Ref.		Ref.
Marital status*	Married/defacto	25.5	1.00	0.59, 1.69	0.98	0.58, 1.66
	Other	27.2	Ref.		Ref.
Dependents at home <18 yrs*	One child	29.9	1.39	0.87, 2.21	1.42	0.89, 2.26
	≥2 children	25.3	Ref.		Ref.
Sex	Male	19.1	0.42	0.31, 0.58^Φ	0.03	0.01, 0.79^Φ
	Female	31.6	Ref.		Ref.
Grade of student	Grade 5	28.1	1.12	0.81, 1.54	1.12	0.81, 1.55
	Grade 6	26.1	0.86	0.63, 1.18	0.90	0.65, 1.25
	Grade 7	24.0	Ref.		Ref.
Highest education completed by any parent*	≤High school	24.0	1.25	0.73, 2.13	1.28	0.77, 2.13
	Diploma/trade/other	26.2	1.36	0.94, 1.97	1.38	0.95, 2.03
	≥Bachelor degree	27.1	Ref.		Ref.
Dog ownership*	Owner	26.1	1.08	0.75, 1.55	1.07	0.74, 1.53
	Non-owner	25.6	Ref.		Ref.
Child has friends in the neighborhood	Many friends	27.8	1.04	0.73, 1.49	1.02	0.70, 1.47
	Few friends	21.7	Ref.		Ref.
Sedentary and active leisure-time behavior
Screen-based activity time*	<2 hours/day	35.7	1.88	1.30, 2.73^Φ	1.89	1.29, 2.78^Φ
	≥2 hours/day	22.2	Ref.		Ref.
Leisure physical activity index [min. = 0, max. = 7]^			1.08	0.95, 1.36	1.08	0.95, 1.22
Average steps within grade (500 step increments) [min. = 7779.31, max. = 14588.97]^			1.29	1.22, 1.36^Φ	1.21	1.13, 1.31^Φ
Independent mobility and transportation to school
Play in any street, park, or go for walk without an adult*	No	22.3	0.71	0.44, 1.14	0.73	0.45, 1.18
	Yes	26.5	Ref.		Ref.
Child usually driven to and from school	No	21.0	1.48	1.08, 2.04^Φ	1.44	1.04, 2.00^Φ
	Yes	33.0	Ref.		Ref.
Self-reported neighborhood environment
Have to drive child to park with suitable equipment	Yes	27.1	0.99	0.72, 1.35	0.98	0.72, 1.33
	No	23.7	Ref.
Traffic in neighborhood [min. = 1, max. = 5]*			0.96	0.80, 1.15	0.97	0.81, 1.16
Friendliness of neighborhood [min. = 1, max. = 5]*			1.15	0.94, 1.41	1.18	0.94, 1.47
Distance to nearest friends house from home*	>10 minute walk	20.4	0.62	0.47, 0.82^Φ	0.60	0.46, 0.78^Φ
	≤10 minute walk	29.3	Ref.		Ref.
Distance to nearest relatives house from home*	>10 minute walk	26.1	1.05	0.61, 1.80	1.66	0.97, 2.85
	≤10 minute walk	25.0	Ref.		Ref.
Count of different destinations within a 10 minute walk of home [min. = 0, max. = 13]*			0.93	0.88, 0.99^Φ	0.93	0.88, 0.99^Φ
Neighborhood walkability and socioeconomic status
School neighborhood walkability score	High	28.6	1.01	0.75, 1.35	1.00	0.74, 1.35
	Low	23.6	Ref.		Ref.
School neighborhood socioeconomic status	High	29.6	1.33	1.06, 1.67^Φ	1.36	1.11, 1.68^Φ
	Medium	25.0	1.15	0.82, 1.60	1.15	0.82, 1.60
	Low	20.7	Ref.		Ref.
Sex-specific interactions
Sex by dist. relatives house within 10-min walk					0.27	0.15, 0.47^Φ
Sex by average steps within grade					1.17	1.02, 1.34^Φ

^Φ p < 0.05. Ref.: reference category. * Indicates data collected from parent questionnaire; Pedometer-based cut-points: ≥12000 steps/day for girls and ≥15000 steps/day for boys. ^ Parameter estimates represent linear associations between the variable and pedometer-based physical activity. All estimates adjusted for school-level clustering

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ISSN: 1479-5868

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