Table 2 Pedometer -based physical activity intervention studies with older adults
From: How many steps/day are enough? For older adults and special populations
Reference | Sample | Intervention duration; study duration and design | Instrument | Intervention Group Baseline Steps/day | Intervention Group Immediately Post-Intervention Steps/day | Delta Steps/day | Cohen's D |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conn [89] 2003 USA | 65-96 years; community-dwelling; 190 participants | 3-month intervention; 3-month randomized controlled trial | Yamax Digi-Walker | 2,773 ± 1,780 | 2,253 ± 1,394 | -520 | -0.33 |
Croteau [26] 2004 USA | 68-95 years; living in assisted living; 15 participants | 4-week intervention; 4-week quasi-experimental | Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 | 3,031 ± 2,754 | 2,419 ± 2,296 | -612 | -0.24 |
Jensen [90] 2004 USA | 60-75 years; community -dwelling; 18 participants | 3-month intervention; 3-month quasi-experimental | Accusplit, San Jose, CA | 4,027 ± 2,515 | 5,883 ± 3,214 | 1,856 | 0.65 |
Croteau [25] 2005 USA | 60-90 year olds; living in congregate housing or community-dwelling; 76 participants | 4- month intervention; 4-month quasi-experimental | Accusplit AX120, San Jose, California | 4,041 ± 2,824 | 5,559 ± 3,866 | 1,518 | 0.45 |
Croteau [91] 2007 USA | 55-94 years; community-dwelling; 147 participants | 12-week intervention; 12-week quasi-experimental | Yamax Digi-Walker SW-200 (Yamax Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) | 4,963 | ≅ 6,200 | ≅ 1,237 | N/A |
Sarkisian [92] 2007 USA | ≥ 65 years; community-dwelling; 46 participants | 7-week intervention; 7-week quasi-experimental | Digiwalker (Yamax DW-500, New Lifestyles, Inc., Kansas City, MO) | 3,536 ± 2,280* | 4,387 ± 2,770* | 851 | 0.34 |
Wellman [93] 2007 USA | Mean 74.6 years; community-dwelling; 320 participants | 12-week intervention; 12-week quasi-experimental | NR | 3,110 ± 2,448 | 4,183 ± 3,257 | 1,073 | 0.38 |
Rosenberg [24] 2008 USA | 74-92 years; living in continuing care retirement community; 12 participants | 2 week intervention; 3-week quasi- experimental | Accusplit AH120M9, Pleasanton, CA | 3,020 ± 1,858 | 4,246 ± 2,331 | 1,226 | 0.59 |
Culos-Reed [94] 2008 Canada | 46-83 years; community-dwelling; 39 participants | 8-week intervention; 8-week quasi-experimental | NR | 5,055 ± 1,374 | 5,969 ± 1,543 | 914 | 0.63 |
Fitzpatrick [95] 2008 USA | Mean 75 years; attending senior centers; 418 participants | 4-month intervention; 4-month quasi-experimental | Accusplit, San Jose, CA | 2,895 ± 2,170 | 3,743 ± 2,311 | 848 | 0.38 |
Opdenacker [27] 2008 Belgium | ≥ 60 years; community-dwelling; 46 intervention participants | 11-month intervention; 23-month randomized controlled trial | Yamax Digiwalker SW-200, Yamax Corporation, Tokyo, Japan | 7,390 ± 2,693** | 7,465 ± 3,344** | 75 | 0.02 |
Sugden [96] 2008 U.K. | 70-86 years; community-dwelling; 54 participants | 12-week intervention; 12-week randomized controlled trial | Omron HJ-005 | 2,895 | NR | N/A | N/A |
Koizumi [97] 2009 Japan | 60-78 years; community-dwelling; 34 intervention participants | 12-week intervention; 12-week randomized controlled trial | Kenz Lifecorder, Suzuken Company, Nagoya, Japan | 7,811 ± 3,268 | 9,046 ± 2,620 | 1,235 | 0.42 |